<![CDATA[Broiler chickens are a major source of animal protein and are highly susceptible to enteric disorders that may progress into systemic disease with multi-organ involvement. This case report aimed to describe and analyse the gross and histopathological lesions in a 30-day-old broiler chicken presenting with lethargy, anorexia, and abdominal distension, and to evaluate the possible pathological diagnosis. Diagnostic procedures included necropsy, the Rivalta test to characterise peritoneal effusion, peritoneal fluid cytology using Giemsa-stained smears, direct fecal smear examination for endoparasites, and histopathological evaluation of the duodenum, liver, and heart tissues fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Gross examination revealed white nodular lesions in the duodenum, multifocal pale discolouration in the liver, and pale areas in the heart. Histopathological findings in the duodenum showed severe mucosal damage characterised by villus rupture, epithelial necrosis with karyopyknosis, karyorrhexis, and karyolysis, as well as inflammatory infiltration. The liver exhibited hepatocellular necrosis, inflammatory infiltration dominated by polymorphonuclear cells, and vascular thrombosis, while the heart showed epicarditis and myocarditis with inflammatory cell infiltration. These pathological findings are consistent with necrotic enteritis accompanied by hepatic necrosis and myocarditis, suggesting that severe intestinal lesions may be associated with systemic involvement in broiler chickens. However, etiological confirmation was not performed, and the diagnosis is based on morphological evaluation.]]>
