Agus Sukmana
Center for Mathematics and Society, Faculty of Science, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung 40141, Indonesia

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Geometry-Based Differentially Private Synthetic Tabular Data Generation via K-Means Clustering with Bounded and Discrete Feature Constraints Robby Robby; Agus Sukmana; Erwinna Chendra
CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Vol 11, No 2 (2026): CAUCHY: JURNAL MATEMATIKA MURNI DAN APLIKASI
Publisher : Mathematics Department, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University of Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/cauchy.v11i2.41403

Abstract

Most clustering-based differentially private synthetic data generation methods assume unconstrained continuous feature spaces and offer no mechanism for hard feature bound enforcement or discrete-valued attribute handling, which limits their practical applicability to real-world tabular data where such constraints are common. This paper proposes a geometry-based mechanism that generates synthetic tabular data by application of Laplace noise jointly to K-means cluster centroids and within-cluster radial distances, calibrated via a data-dependent sensitivity approximation. Three components distinguish the approach from prior work: coordinate-wise centroid reflection to enforce hard feature bounds after perturbation, coordinate-wise clipping to enforce bounds on reconstructed synthetic points, and randomized rounding for discrete features as a post-processing step. A utility-driven calibration strategy selects the privacy budget to meet a user-specified target Adjusted Rand Index (ARI), which makes the privacyutility trade-off directly interpretable. Baseline comparisons on a two-dimensional illustrative example show that the proposed mechanism achieves ARI=0.666 at 1.60, which substantially outperforms direct coordinate-wise noise addition at the same budget (ARI=0.199), while it matches the non-private synthesis baseline (ARI=0.624). Across 30 independent runs the mechanism achieves mean ARI=0.6290.108, which confirms that the calibration target is reliably met under stochastic variation.