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Legality and Implications of International Law on Cooperation between Indonesia and Norway in the Environmental Sector Loso Judijanto; Desi Asmaret; Agus Septima Ridwan; Bekti Utomo; Sahrul
Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): June-September
Publisher : Inovasi Pratama Internasional. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/jsh.v3i1.896

The issue of environmental protection has become a significant concern in international relations, with numerous countries striving to preserve the environment through various initiatives. One such initiative is the conduct of international cooperation, which is implemented through a special program on the environment. This study seeks to ascertain the dynamics of the cooperation between Indonesia and Norway on environmental matters, with a particular focus on the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) programme, which operated from 2017 to 2021. The objective of this initiative, which falls under the umbrella of environmental cooperation, is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation and forest degradation. The REDD+ program is a funding mechanism designed to support initiatives aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation and forest degradation. The methodology employed in this research entails the utilization of qualitative research techniques, namely descriptive analysis, to generate insights from the data collected. This study's theoretical approach is informed by the context of international cooperation, particularly the historical bilateral relationship between Indonesia and Norway. The results of this research indicate the implementation of cooperation between Indonesia and Norway in the environmental sector through the REDD + program between the years 2017 and 2021, which was met with a number of significant challenges. These included issues related to the protection of forests, delays in fulfilling cooperation requirements, and disagreements with indigenous peoples. Additionally, the study identifies the problem of the implementation of Result Based Payments by Norway and the termination of Indonesia-Norway REDD+ cooperation.

PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI GOOGLE DOCS SEBAGAI PERANGKAT PENDUKUNG KEGIATAN BELAJAR MENGAJAR BAGI SISWA SMA AL-KAUTSAR PARUNGPANJANG Hutagalung, Deanna Durbin; Megasari, Dian; Ridwan, Agus Septima
KOMMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 6 No. 1 (2025): KOMMAS: JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT
Publisher : KOMMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

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The development of learning media, teachers and students are required to be more creative in processing data and documents. Documents are one of the main components such as school regulation documents, teacher data, school administration, learning materials, exam questions and others. One source of learning for students at school in obtaining messages given by teachers is through learning media. One application that supports learning media is the Google Docs word processing application. The purpose of this activity is to provide training in the use of Google Docs as a learning medium for students of Al-Kautsar Parungpanjang High School. The method used is socialization and training in the use of Google Docs. Through this PKM activity, Al-Kautsar High School students have been able to document personal files well, and have begun to practice collaborating with friends in completing several important tasks.

SOSIALISASI IDENTIFIKASI DAN ANTISIPASI BERITA HOAX DI MEDIA SOSIAL KEPADA SISWA/I SMA AL-KAUTSAR PARUNGPANJANG Megasari, Dian; Hutagalung, Deanna Durbin; Agus Septima Ridwan
KOMMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): KOMMAS: JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT
Publisher : KOMMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat

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Penyebaran berita hoaks di media sosial semakin marak, dan hal ini dapat memengaruhi pola pikir serta opini publik, terutama di kalangan generasi muda (Prasetyo et al., 2023). Oleh karena itu, kegiatan sosialisasi tentang identifikasi dan antisipasi berita hoaks sangat penting dilakukan, terutama di kalangan siswa/i SMA Al-Kautsar Parungpanjang (Rahmawati et al., 2024). Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran dan literasi digital siswa agar dapat lebih kritis dalam menghadapi informasi yang beredar di media sosial (Syafitri et al., 2024). Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi interaktif yang melibatkan diskusi, simulasi, dan studi kasus (Suryani et al., 2023). Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa/i SMA Al-Kautsar Parungpanjang kini lebih paham cara mengenali berita hoaks, serta lebih berhati-hati dalam menyebarkan informasi (Maulana et al., 2025). Selain itu, mereka juga dilatih untuk menggunakan sumber informasi yang terpercaya dan memverifikasi kebenaran berita sebelum membagikannya (Kurniawan et al., 2024). Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi penyebaran berita hoaks di kalangan siswa dan masyarakat sekitar (Handayani et al., 2025).

Legality and Implications of International Law on Cooperation between Indonesia and Norway in the Environmental Sector Judijanto, Loso; Asmaret, Desi; Ridwan, Agus Septima; Utomo, Bekti; Sahrul
Jurnal Smart Hukum (JSH) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): June-September
Publisher : Inovasi Pratama Internasional. Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55299/jsh.v3i1.896

The issue of environmental protection has become a significant concern in international relations, with numerous countries striving to preserve the environment through various initiatives. One such initiative is the conduct of international cooperation, which is implemented through a special program on the environment. This study seeks to ascertain the dynamics of the cooperation between Indonesia and Norway on environmental matters, with a particular focus on the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) programme, which operated from 2017 to 2021. The objective of this initiative, which falls under the umbrella of environmental cooperation, is the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation and forest degradation. The REDD+ program is a funding mechanism designed to support initiatives aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation and forest degradation. The methodology employed in this research entails the utilization of qualitative research techniques, namely descriptive analysis, to generate insights from the data collected. This study's theoretical approach is informed by the context of international cooperation, particularly the historical bilateral relationship between Indonesia and Norway. The results of this research indicate the implementation of cooperation between Indonesia and Norway in the environmental sector through the REDD + program between the years 2017 and 2021, which was met with a number of significant challenges. These included issues related to the protection of forests, delays in fulfilling cooperation requirements, and disagreements with indigenous peoples. Additionally, the study identifies the problem of the implementation of Result Based Payments by Norway and the termination of Indonesia-Norway REDD+ cooperation.

TANGGUNG GUGAT PERDATA PENYEDIA PLATFORM ATAS KERUGIAN AKIBAT MALAFUNGSI SISTEM ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Dedeh Asmariah; Nadia Mega Yuliah; Syafi'il Anam; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20592024

The adoption of artificial intelligence technology in digital banking credit assessment systems raises legal questions that remain inadequately resolved within Indonesian civil law, particularly regarding liability when the system fails and harms customers. This study aims to examine the juridical qualification of artificial intelligence system failures as unlawful acts under Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code, and to formulate the civil liability of platform providers under Article 1367 of the Civil Code. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that artificial intelligence system failures satisfy all elements of an unlawful act, with fault attributed to the platform provider as the operator of the system rather than to the system itself, which holds the status of an object. Based on the doctrine of vicarious liability and the theory of strict liability, digital banking platform providers bear full responsibility for customer losses and cannot shield themselves behind exoneration clauses in the terms and conditions of service.

KEDUDUKAN DAN LOGIKA HUKUM PEMBUKTIAN PERCERAIAN BERDASARKAN STANDAR DURASI PISAH RUMAH DALAM SEMA NOMOR 3 TAHUN 2023 Lisdayanti; Calvin; Hadi Putra Natanael Sitinjak; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20592076

Marriage is a legal institution protected by the state through the principle of making divorce difficult as stipulated in Law Number 1 of 1974. The presence of Supreme Court Circular Letter Number 3 of 2023, which stipulates a minimum of six months of separation as a requirement for proving divorce, raises serious normative issues. This study examines the position of the Circular Letter of the Supreme Court (SEMA) in the hierarchy of laws and regulations and examines the consistency of the legal logic that supports it. The method used is normative juridical based on literature studies. The results of the analysis indicate that SEMA Number 3 of 2023 has exceeded its function as an internal technical guideline by adding material requirements not contained in Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975. The exception of domestic violence cases proves that the six-month standard is not an absolute and consistent measure. This study recommends a review of the substance of the SEMA to align with the open norm of Article 19 letter f of Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975.

ANALISIS YURIDIS KETIDAKSINKRONAN PRAKTIK SURAT KUASA KHUSUS BERKELANJUTAN DENGAN PASAL 44 AYAT (1) HURUF A UNDANG-UNDANG MAHKAMAH AGUNG Astria Rosliana Dewi; Kristina Uba Payon; Grardus Jackson Ndu adu; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20592104

A special power of attorney is a formal instrument that determines the legal validity of an advocate's representation before the court. Legal practice in Indonesia commonly shows that advocates use a single power of attorney continuously from the first-level court through the cassation stage at the Supreme Court. However, Article 44 paragraph (1) letter a of Law Number 14 of 1985 on the Supreme Court explicitly requires that a representative must be "specially authorized for that purpose" in filing a cassation. This study examines the legal validity of this continuing power of attorney practice and its legal consequences for the advocate's standing and the protection of the client's civil rights. A normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches is employed. The analysis reveals a clear inconsistency between the prevailing practice and the applicable normative provisions, potentially giving rise to formal defects and the risk of a niet ontvankelijke verklaard ruling against the client.

SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: EVALUASI YURIDIS KLAUSUL EKSONERASI DALAM KONTRAK BAKU E-COMMERCE Dhika Fajri Ramadhan; Alfito Pragaswara; Naila Hairin Nisa; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20663574

This study aims to evaluate the validity of exculpatory clauses in standardized e-commerce contracts and to assess the civil liability of platforms under Indonesian legal norms. The core problem examined is the widespread inclusion of liability-waiver clauses within the terms and conditions of online shopping applications, which places consumers in a weak position and generates legal uncertainty. The method employed is a Systematic Literature Review of fourteen accredited national legal journal articles published over the past ten years, involving coding, synthesis, and normative assessment against statutory texts. The findings reveal an academic consensus that exculpatory clauses within the click-wrap mechanism violate the requirements for a valid agreement under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code because they arise from a defect of will through abuse of circumstances, while also contravening the prohibition in Article 18 of the Consumer Protection Law and are therefore void by law. Consequently, the platform still bears full liability based on breach of contract and must compensate the consumer's entire material loss. This study provides a firm juridical evaluation map for practitioners and academics regarding the liability limits of digital platforms in Indonesia.

PERILAKU AKSESIBILITAS MASYARAKAT DAN EVALUASI YURIDIS KEABSAHAN KONTRAK PINJAMAN ONLINE ILEGAL Hupita Damayanti; Adithya Nugraha; Vanza Parci Lukmana; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20663604

This research aims to examine the phenomenon of illegal online loans through an interdisciplinary approach combining behavioral consumer psychology analysis and civil law evaluation. The issues raised concern the high accessibility of society to illegal online lending platforms and the validity of the standard digital contracts produced by such transactions. The method employed is normative legal research with an interdisciplinary approach integrating economic psychology and civil law dogmatics. The results reveal two main findings. First, society is driven to borrow from illegal platforms due to the impulse for instant gratification, manipulation of application visual architecture through dark patterns, socio-economic pressures encompassing emergency needs and the Fear of Missing Out phenomenon, and low financial and digital literacy. Second, the standard contracts of illegal online loans are declared invalid and null and void by operation of law for failing to fulfill the capacity requirement and lawful cause as stipulated in Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code.

KONSTRUKSI HUKUM ACARA PERDATA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN EKSEPSI MATERIIL: UPAYA MENGELIMINASI INEFISIENSI PUTUSAN NIET ONTVANKELIJKE VERKLAARD (NO) BERDASARKAN PASAL 136 HIR Muhamad Febin; Danil Wirawan; Risnauli Simanjuntak; Agus Septima Ridwan
JOURNAL OF LAW AND NATION Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Law and Nation
Publisher : INTELIGENSIA MEDIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20663639

This study examines the inconsistency in the application of Article 136 HIR/162 RBg in Indonesian civil procedural law practice, particularly regarding judicial treatment of material exceptions (eksepsi materiil) that result in Niet Ontvankelijke Verklaard (NO) rulings. The legal ideal enshrined in Article 2(4) of Law Number 48 of 2009 on Judicial Power requires proceedings to be simple, fast, and inexpensive. In practice, however, cases that have undergone dozens of evidentiary hearings still conclude with NO rulings on grounds of formal defects in the claim, causing significant temporal and financial harm to justice seekers. This research employs a normative juridical method with statutory, conceptual, and legal-historical approaches. The findings reveal that the root cause lies in the regulatory nature of Article 136 HIR, which carries no sanction, thereby generating divergent judicial interpretations. A further evaluation demonstrates that prevailing practice substantially contradicts the principle of simple, swift, and affordable adjudication. The strategic recommendation of this study is the urgent formulation of standardized parameters through a Supreme Court Regulation (Perma) or a Supreme Court Circular (SEMA).

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