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All Journal International Review of Social and Cultural Studies
Md. Shah Jalal
Department of Law, CCN University of Science and Technology, Cumilla, Bangladesh
Religion Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Electoral Fairness in South Asian Democracy: Exploring the Role of Media and Civil Society Md. Shah Jalal; Mostafizur Rahaman; Rajib Chandra Das
International Review of Social and Cultural Studies Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : CV Projurnal Mitra Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66324/irscs.v1i3.221

Abstract

In South Asia, media and civil society play a complementary and significant role in the electoral context. This study aims to evaluate the role of media and civil society in ensuring electoral democracy in the Indian sub-continent by comparing relevant legal mechanisms. It employs a doctrinal legal research method for systematic review of laws and policies of the selected countries to substantiate the doctrinal approach of electoral democracy. In this qualitative research the authors have tried to understand the various actors of election and fairness. The media and civil society significantly contribute to checking electoral engineering, among other things. In democracy election is a campaign, a competition and source of political rivalry which is highly motivated from the role of the media and civil society. Lack of institutional clarity, administrative accountability, and effective role of media, electoral deviations are committed. Recently, it has been observed that non-formal sources of media also perform significant role during the electoral process. It suggests that the development of electoral democracy in the Indian subcontinent could not be handled properly unless there are uniform media norms based on information about electoral conspiracy, vandalism, and human rights violations, etc. whereas the perpetrator might be influenced by the techniques that apply in a country.
The Reasons of Excessive Occurrences of Rape in Bangladesh: Examining the Socio-Legal Perspectives and Judicial Loopholes Md. Shah Jalal; Roksana Akther; Nazmul Hasan Mazumder
International Review of Social and Cultural Studies Vol. 1 No. 4 (2025): December
Publisher : CV Projurnal Mitra Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.66324/irscs.v1i4.230

Abstract

Rape has become a significant socio-legal challenge in Bangladesh, and its persistent incident despite the present legal remedy needs a critical evaluation of the socio-legal perspectives and judicial lacking indulging to the crime. This study aims to evaluate reasons of excessive rape incidents from socio-legal perspectives by examining the underlying social reasons, legal default, judicial delay, and organizational lacking associated with rape cases in Bangladesh. It employs a qualitative socio-legal research method based on secondary sources like laws and policies, judicial precedent, academic journal, books, human rights reports, and newspaper. In this qualitative research the authors have tried to understand the various factors of excessive rape occurrences in Bangladesh and emphasizes the efficacy of existing legal framework, police investigations systems, forensic limitations, judicial delays, and survivor protection mechanisms regarding rape in Bangladesh. The finding of the study explains that rape in Bangladesh is deeply rooted in survivor blaming culture, economic conditions of sufferer, political interference, lack of organizational accountability, investigation default, lack of forensic facilities, low conviction ratio, secondary victimization of sufferer during legal process, and judicial delay for execution of judgment. It suggests that combating rape in Bangladesh needs an integrated socio-legal approach involving legal reform, organizational accountability, public awareness, survivor protection, avoid unnecessary query to victim, modernization of police investigation and update of forensic and judicial procedures.
Co-Authors Mostafizur Rahaman Nazmul Hasan Mazumder Rajib Chandra Das Roksana Akther