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All Journal Rekayasa Mesin
Pangestu, Kukuh Andreng
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Mechanical Engineering

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Process–Composition–Property Relationships of Blended Coconut Shell–Teak Leaf (Tectona Grandis) Powder Biochar Briquettes for Solid Renewable Fuel Applications Pangestu, Kukuh Andreng; Saptoadi, Harwin
Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin Vol. 17 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/jrm.v17i1.2364

Abstract

The increasing demand for sustainable solid fuels has driven the development of biochar briquettes based on coconut shells and teak leaves with tapioca starch as a binder. This study evaluated the effect of the mixing ratio of coconut shell and teak leaf biochar (50:40, 60:30, and 70:20; 10% binder) on the physical, thermal, and mechanical properties of briquettes carbonized at 450 °C for 3 hours and characterized by moisture content, ash content, calorific value, density, and impact resistance index (IRI). The results showed that an increase in the fraction of coconut shell biochar reduced the moisture content (6.124–5.616%) and ash content (13.916–11.100%), and increased the calorific value (6050.36–6557.90 cal g⁻¹), density (14.712–16.347 kg m⁻³), and IRI (95.866–96.536%). The best composition was obtained with 70% coconut shell biochar, 20% teak leaf biochar, and 10% binder, which produced high-quality briquettes with the potential to be used as renewable solid fuel from agricultural and forestry waste.
Co-Authors Harwin Saptoadi