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All Journal El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam
Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti
Prodi Ekonomi Pembangunan, Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Negeri Semarang
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Economics, Econometrics & Finance Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences

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Analisis Determinan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka di Pulau Jawa: Tinjauan dari Sisi Perekonomian dan SDM Desi Dwi Liana; Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti
El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam Vol. 7 No. 6 (2026): El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/elmal.v7i6.12196

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of economic growth, micro and small industries human development index, and populations on the open unemployment rate in Java Island over the period 2015 to 2024. This study employs a quantitative approach using panel data regression analysis with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) as the selected estimation method. The data were sourced from Central Statistic Agency (BPS). The results indicate a simultaneous effect of all four independent variables on the dependent variable. The panel data estimation findings reveal that economic growth and the human development index have a significant negative effect on the open unemployment rate in Java Island. Meanwhile, populations demonstrate a significant positive effect on the open unemployment rate. In contrast, the micro and small industries variable shows no significant effect on the open unemployment rate in Java Island. This study contributes to the advancement of labor economics literature, particularly in understanding the dynamics of open unemployment at the regional level, and provides practical recommendations for regional governments in formulating more effective and targeted employment policies.
Pengaruh Ekonomi, Demografi, dan Teknologi Terhadap Degradasi Lingkungan di 5 Negara ASEAN Widya Purbo Rini; Nurjannah Rahayu Kistanti
El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam Vol. 7 No. 10 (2026): El-Mal: Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi & Bisnis Islam
Publisher : Intitut Agama Islam Nasional Laa Roiba Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47467/elmal.v7i10.13328

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of economic, demographic, and technological factors on environmental degradation across five ASEAN countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Philippines) over the period 1990–2022. Grounded in the STIRPAT framework and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, this study employs Panel ARDL with the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) estimator. The optimal model PMG (1,0,1,0,2,2) was selected based on AIC with deplags=2 and reglags=2. Long-run estimates show that GDP per capita significantly increases CO2 emissions (β = 3.191, p < 0.001), and the squared GDP term is significantly negative (β = −0.115, p < 0.001), confirming the EKC hypothesis. However, the estimated turning point (GDP per capita ≈ US$ 1,063,000) lies far beyond current income levels, indicating that income-driven emission reductions remain practically unattainable. Energy intensity is the dominant determinant (β = 0.543, p < 0.001), population growth exerts a significant negative effect (β = −0.047, p = 0.015), and renewable energy is marginally significant (β = −0.004, p = 0.067). The ECT (−0.484, p = 0.009) confirms stable convergence toward long-run equilibrium. Cross-sectional error correction results reveal substantial heterogeneity across countries.
Co-Authors Desi Dwi Liana Widya Purbo Rini