Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
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This Author published in this journals
All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Language, Technology, and Social Media Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, and Future Research
Shazia Hamid
University of South Carolina
Humanities Computer Science & IT Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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The digital shift in parental strategies for heritage language maintenance among expatriate families in Saudi Arabia Musa Alghamdi; Said Muhammad Khan; Shazia Hamid; Saira Abbas
International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Vol 15, No 3: June 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijere.v15i3.37729

Abstract

Around two-fifths of the population living in Saudi Arabia consists of expatriates. However, there is limited research on how these families maintain their heritage languages (HLs) in a digital world with limited institutional support. Maintaining HLs is important for identity, cultural continuity, and a sense of belonging across generations, especially for families living far from home. This qualitative study explores how expatriate parents in Saudi Arabia use digital tools to help their children maintain HLs, using Fishman’s reversing language shift (RLS) framework and family language policy (FLP) theory. Researchers interviewed 36 expatriate parents from 15 different national and linguistic backgrounds and analyzed the data with reflexive thematic analysis in NVivo. The results show that families are moving from exclusively home-based language practices to a mix of digital strategies, such as apps, video calls, and online learning spaces, which help strengthen cross-border connections and increase language exposure. However, these new practices also increase mothers’ workload, as they take on most of the planning, mediation, and emotional support. The study suggests policy and practical steps that fit with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, such as providing subsidized multilingual digital resources and family-focused support programs. The clear research design makes the study easy to replicate, and future research should include lower-income families, children’s views, and long-term studies of digital family language practices.
From Isolation to Interaction: The Role of Language and Digital Communication Tools in Empowering Adolescent Virtual Collaboration Shazia Hamid; Anthonia Awhinawhi
Language, Technology, and Social Media Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December 2025 | Language, Technology, and Social Media
Publisher : WISE Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70211/ltsm.v3i2.182

Abstract

This qualitative study explores the impact of collaborative learning on adolescent learners' motivation and feelings of isolation in virtual learning environments, with a focus on the role of language-mediated interactions and digital tools. Using exploratory questionnaires and interviews, the study examines how virtual collaborative tasks influence students' engagement. The findings indicate that collaborative learning significantly enhances motivation, particularly when tasks are meaningful and peer interactions are supportive. Survey data revealed that 42.4% of students often found collaborative tasks productive, with positive peer influence acting as a key motivator. Additionally, 70% of participants reported a reduction in isolation due to peer interaction. Autonomy in collaborative tasks was also strongly linked to higher intrinsic motivation, supporting Self-Determination Theory. Synchronous tools such as video conferencing and shared documents were crucial in alleviating isolation. The study highlights how digital tools mediate language use, fostering social connection and engagement in virtual settings. It contributes new insights into the integration of digital tools for language learning, collaboration, and social engagement, offering practical recommendations for virtual education practices, curriculum design, and teacher training, with implications for policymakers to enhance online learning strategies.
Integrating Artificial Intelligence with Blockchain: A Literature Review on Opportunities, Challenges, and Applications Adu Emmanuel Ifedayo; Damola Olugbade; Shazia Hamid
Blockchain, Artificial Intelligence, and Future Research Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : WISE Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70211/bafr.v1i1.179

Abstract

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain represents a paradigm shift in digital transformation, offering enhanced security, scalability, and automation. While previous research has explored these technologies independently, this study provides a comprehensive review of their convergence, synthesizing insights across multiple domains such as finance, healthcare, and supply chain management. The findings highlight the bidirectional enhancement of AI-Blockchain integration: Blockchain reinforces AI’s reliability by ensuring data immutability and transparency, whereas AI optimizes Blockchain efficiency through intelligent consensus mechanisms and fraud detection. However, significant challenges remain, including scalability constraints, computational overhead, and regulatory concerns. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of AI-Blockchain synergy by integrating concepts from Computational Trust Theory and Decentralized Ledger Theory. Practically, it provides actionable insights for industry stakeholders, particularly in decentralized finance, privacy-preserving AI models, and secure digital transactions. The novelty of this research lies in its examination of AI-Blockchain integration through geographical and temporal trends, revealing disparities in adoption and regulatory responses. Despite its potential, real-world implementation remains limited, necessitating further empirical validation and exploration of emerging technologies such as quantum computing and the Internet of Things (IoT). By addressing these gaps, this study serves as a foundation for future research and policy development, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure secure, efficient, and ethical AI-Blockchain ecosystems. The implications extend beyond academia, offering strategic guidance for practitioners and policymakers navigating the complexities of this technological convergence.
Co-Authors Adu Emmanuel Ifedayo Anthonia Awhinawhi Damola Olugbade Musa Alghamdi Said Muhammad Khan Saira Abbas