Darmi Arda
Departement of Nursing, Politeknik Sandi Karsa, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

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Management of deep breathing relaxation to reduce pain in Bartholin cyst patients: Scoping Review Darmi Arda; Nur Andani
Journal Interdisciplinary Health Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Volume 1 Number 2 May 2025
Publisher : Edukasi Ilmiah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61099/jih.v1i1.102

Abstract

Introduction: Bartholin cysts are common in women of reproductive age and may cause significant pain, particularly when infection or abscess formation occurs. Pain management is typically approached through pharmacological and surgical interventions. However, non-pharmacological methods such as deep breathing relaxation (DBR) have emerged as promising complementary strategies. This scoping review aims to identify and map the scientific evidence related to the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques for pain management in patients with Bartholin cysts.. Methods: The review followed the Arksey and O’Malley framework. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar using keywords including “Bartholin cyst,” “deep breathing,” and “pain management.” Eligible studies were screened and analyzed descriptively. Results: A total of 11 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental designs, and observational studies. Most studies reported that DBR techniques such as diaphragmatic and paced breathing effectively reduced pain intensity, enhanced patient comfort, and decreased anxiety prior to procedures for Bartholin cyst treatment. Conclusions: Deep breathing relaxation techniques represent a promising non-pharmacological approach for managing pain in Bartholin cyst patients. These methods are simple, non-invasive, and capable of improving the overall care experience. Further high-quality studies are needed to strengthen the evidence base for their effectiveness in this specific clinical context
Acupressure for acute pain management in patients with hypertension: A two-case nursing study Darmi Arda; Yongki Seran; Maria Kurni Menga; Suprapto Suprapto
Journal Interdisciplinary Health Vol. 2 No. 3 (2026): Journal Interdisciplinary Health
Publisher : Edukasi Ilmiah Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61099/jih.v2i3.484

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertension is a major non-communicable disease frequently accompanied by acute pain, particularly headache and neck pain, which may reduce patient comfort and interfere with daily activities. Acupressure is a non-pharmacological nursing intervention that may support pain relief and promote relaxation in patients with hypertension. This study aimed to describe the application of acupressure management in reducing acute pain among hypertensive patients. Research Methodology: This study used a descriptive case study design involving two hypertensive patients with acute pain nursing problems. The intervention consisted of acupressure therapy applied to PC6 (Neiguan), LI11 (Quchi), LI4 (Hegu), GB20 (Fengchi), and LV3 (Taichong) acupoints for five consecutive days. Data were collected through interviews, observation, physical examination, blood pressure measurement, and pain intensity assessment using the Numerical Rating Scale. Data were analyzed descriptively by comparing clinical responses before and after the intervention. Because of the case study design and small sample size, odds ratio, beta coefficient, relative risk, 95% confidence interval, and p-value were not calculated. Results: Both patients showed gradual improvement after receiving acupressure therapy. In the first patient, pain intensity decreased from NRS 6 to 1, while in the second patient, pain intensity decreased from NRS 5 to 1. Blood pressure also showed a downward trend, accompanied by increased comfort and relaxation during the intervention period. Conclusion: Acupressure may serve as a feasible complementary nursing intervention for managing acute pain in hypertensive patients. Further studies with larger samples and controlled designs are needed to confirm its clinical effectiveness.