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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur & Energi International Journal of Enterprise Modelling
Sovian Aritonang
Universitas Pertahanan Republik Indonesia, Bogor, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Library & Information Science Mathematics Transportation

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Strategies for fostering national defense awareness in Indonesia: analysis of the 2022–2024 National Defense Index Anton Nugroho; H.A Danang Rimbawa; Danny Setyowati; Sovian Aritonang
International Journal of Enterprise Modelling Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): January: Enterprise Modelling
Publisher : International Enterprise Integration Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/int.jo.emod.v20i1.171

Abstract

Strategic geopolitical shifts, digital disruption, and the rise of non-military threats require Indonesia’s national defense policy to move beyond normative and ceremonial approaches toward adaptive and measurable governance. This study analyzes the effectiveness of the National Defense Awareness Development Policy (PKBN) by examining regulatory coherence, cross-sectoral governance, and the role of the National Defense Index (IBN) as an evaluation instrument. Using a convergent mixed-methods design, this research integrates qualitative regulatory analysis with quantitative comparative analysis of IBN data from 2022 and 2024. The findings indicate that although PKBN has a relatively comprehensive legal foundation, its implementation remains administratively oriented and weakly integrated across actors. The national IBN score shows relative stability with a marginal increase, reaching 3.50 in 2024, yet significant disparities persist across regions and dimensions, particularly in Love for the Homeland (CTA) and Initial Defense Capability (KAB), with weaker performance observed in Papua and Southeast Sulawesi. These results demonstrate that IBN can function not only as an aggregate measurement tool but as a policy compass linking inputs, processes, and outcomes when supported by structured performance indicators and feedback mechanisms. Strengthening network-based governance, digitized evaluation systems, and differentiated regional interventions is therefore essential to transform PKBN into a measurable and adaptive instrument of national resilience toward Indonesia Emas 2045.
Karakterisasi Sinyal Sensor Piezoelektrik Komposit Nano Serat akibat Tumbukan Balistik Ananda Maulana Putra Sanjaya; Sovian Aritonang
Rekayasa Material, Manufaktur dan Energi Vol 9, No 2: JULI 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik UMSU

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/rmme.v9i2.27045

Abstract

This study investigates the characterization and operational mechanism of piezoelectric sensors based on nanofiber composites under high-velocity impact conditions. These sensors utilize the direct piezoelectric effect of PVDF and its copolymer P(VDF-TrFE), enhanced with inorganic nanofillers such as ZnO, BaTiO₃, and CNTs. Through the electrospinning process, nanoscale fibers with molecular chains aligned to the electric field are produced, promoting the formation of the β-phase and enhancing spontaneous polarization. A systematic literature analysis reveals that the addition of nanofillers significantly increases the piezoelectric coefficient (d₃₃), signal amplitude, and overall sensor sensitivity to dynamic deformation. However, variations in electrode configuration, fiber orientation, filler concentration, and testing methodology lead to discrepancies in quantitative results across studies. Furthermore, explicit Finite Element Method (FEM) modeling is employed to understand the stress-wave propagation and the time-resolved conversion of mechanical to electrical energy. The integration of experimental and numerical approaches proves effective for reconstructing sensor responses under ballistic impact, paving the way for the development of faster, more sensitive, and adaptive impact detection systems in future smart structural applications.
Co-Authors Ananda Maulana Putra Sanjaya Anton Nugroho Danny Setyowati H.A Danang Rimbawa