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All Journal Research on English Language Education Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran
Opirman Waruwu
University of Warmadewa
Religion Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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EXAMINING THE DISTRIBUTION OF LANGUAGE SKILLS IN EFL TEXTBOOKS FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS: PATTERNS, GAPS, AND PEDAGOGICAL SOLUTIONS Opirman Waruwu; Rivaldo Branco Guterres
Research on English Language Education Vol 8 No 1 (2026): Research on English Language Education
Publisher : Universitas Nias Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.57094/relation.v8i1.5140

Abstract

This study investigates the distribution of language skills in English for Nusantara, an EFL textbook published by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture for Grade VIII students at the junior secondary level (SMP/MTs). Employing a mixed-method design, the study quantifies the frequency of listening, speaking, reading, viewing, and writing activities across the five chapters and fifteen units of the textbook, and proposes adaptive pedagogical strategies for teachers to address observed skill gaps. The quantitative findings reveal a notable imbalance: reading dominates at 36.4% of all skill-labeled sections, while speaking, writing, and viewing each account for approximately 11-14%, despite being explicitly mandated competencies under the Kurikulum Merdeka. Listening receives moderate coverage at 27.3% but is heavily concentrated in Unit 1 of each chapter. The qualitative phase presents close analyses of selected textbook activities and proposes five practical modifications integrating underrepresented skills without disrupting thematic coherence. While grounded in the Indonesian EFL context, the analytical framework and proposed solutions offer transferable insights for curriculum designers and classroom teachers working with comparable secondary-level EFL materials in other settings.
An Analysis of Conversational Implicature and Presuppositions Found in Nias Movie the “Iraono Sifagohi Tödö” Opirman Waruwu
Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran
Publisher : Bale Literasi: Lembaga Riset, Pelatihan & Edukasi, Sosial, Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58218/alinea.v5i2.3961

Abstract

This study analyzes the types of conversational implicatures and categories of presupposition found in the Nias movie Iraono Sifagohi Tödö. Adopting a qualitative method, the research utilizes primary data derived from the film's dialogue transcriptions. The researcher employed reading, observation, and note-taking procedures to collect data, which were subsequently analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach to interpret meanings and concepts. The results identified 20 instances of conversational implicature: 11 generalized and 9 particularized implicatures. Furthermore, the analysis revealed all six categories of presupposition: existential, factive, non-factive, lexical, structural, and counterfactual. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that research on conversational implicatures and presuppositions remains an underexplored topic. Therefore, the researcher encourages future studies to examine other linguistic aspects and objects. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of pragmatics within Nias cinema, highlighting how context shapes meaning and how underlying assumptions are structured in dialogue.
Co-Authors Rivaldo Branco Guterres