This study investigates the impact of AI-driven performance management systems on employee performance and turnover intention, and examines the moderating role of organizational culture. As organizations increasingly adopt AI and algorithmic management for performance evaluation, understanding employee reactions is critical. This research addresses how these systems influence employee performance and their intention to leave and whether organizational culture can mitigate or amplify these effects. An AI-driven performance system is an artificial intelligence – powered performance measurement system. Although AI is used for decision-making within the system, it remains under human oversight. Employing a quantitative, cross-sectional survey design, data were collected from 200 employees with experience in using AI-driven performance systems. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to test the proposed hypotheses. The findings revealed that AI-driven performance systems have a significant direct impact on both employee performance and turnover intention. Furthermore, this study confirms the significant moderating role of organizational culture. A supportive organizational culture was found to enhance the positive effects of the AI system on performance, while buffering the negative impact on turnover intention. In conclusion, the effectiveness and acceptance of AI-driven performance systems are not absolute and are significantly influenced by prevailing organizational culture. This suggests that, for the successful implementation of new technologies, organizations must cultivate a culture of trust and transparency to maximize benefits and minimize negative employee outcomes. This study extends the application of Social Exchange Theory to the context of AI in the workplace, providing valuable insights for both theory and practice.