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Mustapha, Idris M.
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Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Dose implications of X-ray beam alignment in some radiological facilities in Abuja, Nigeria Unomieta, Charles; Yusuf, Samson D.; Umar, Ibrahim; Mustapha, Idris M.
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 2 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i2.80581

Abstract

In this study, the percentage misalignment of X-ray beam and patient radiation dose of chest X-ray examination in radiographic X-ray equipment in some selected centres in Abuja were investigated. Beam alignment test was carried out in order to determine the working status and possible contribution to population radiation dose. The tools used were the beam alignment and collimator test tool Model 161A and Model 161B respectively. A total of four functional X-ray machines in four radio-diagnostic centres labelled in code for ethical reasons were recruited for the study. Results indicate that the beam alignment test conducted, 50% shows positive misalignment beyond the normal limit of 2% while 50% shows beam alignment within the normal limit. The percentage misalignment value ranged from 1.6% to 3.4% and 1.4% to 2.6% across and along the cassette respectively. Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) was calculated for patients undergoing chest X-ray examination in two selected diagnostic centres and was found 273.1 µGy and 491.6 µGy which appears to be lower and higher respectively to the recommended limit by international regulatory bodies. Increase in patients’ radiation dose is expected due to the beam misalignment in most of the diagnostic centre studied. It is therefore recommended that regulatory agencies should monitor compliance with quality assurance tests in all radio-diagnostic centres in Abuja.
Photon shielding competence of concrete doped CuO for gamma shielding applications Hudu, Salisu; Mustapha, Idris M.; Bello, Sulayman M.; Halimatu, Abdullahi S.; James, Iwa S.; Aisha, Mohammed A.; Ubaidullah, Ahmad
Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications Vol 8, No 1 (2024): Journal of Physics: Theories and Applications
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jphystheor-appl.v8i1.80524

Abstract

In this study, photon attenuation parameters of concrete doped CuO, were determined and their application as shielding material were discussed. The WinXCOM software was used to determine the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC) of the concrete doped CuO samples (0, 20, 40 60 and 100 wt% CuO content) for the energy range (0.015-15MeV). The linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), and effective atomic number (Zeff) were calculated from the MAC values. The MAC values of the samples decreases rapidly up to 0.12 MeV, and beyond 0.12 MeV, Compton scattering becomes effective at intermediate energies. The LAC value vary with energy in similar way as MAC. The calculated HVL and MFP were observe to  decline  as  the  CuO doping  of  the  glasses  increased  which  accounts  for  the  three  photon interaction mechanisms effectiveness in the variation of HVL and MFP values with energy. The Zeff shows minimal variation as the energy increases in all the concrete doped CuO samples. It can be concluded that doping CuO with concrete can greatly enhance the gamma shielding ability of the sample.
Co-Authors Aisha, Mohammed A. Bello, Sulayman M. Halimatu, Abdullahi S. Hudu, Salisu Ibrahim Umar, Ibrahim James, Iwa S. Ubaidullah, Ahmad Unomieta, Charles Yusuf, Samson D.