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All Journal Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology
Andini, Natasya Dian
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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The Conversion of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) Stem Waste into Activated Carbon by the Pyrolysis Method Using ZnCl2 Activator Andini, Natasya Dian; Prasetiyani, Yuliana; Mumtahinah, Fisafillah Al; Yudha, Cornelius Satria; Astika, Bintari
Equilibrium Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 7, No 2 (2023): Volume 7, No 2 December 2023
Publisher : Program studi Teknik Kimia UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/equilibrium.v7i2.74478

Abstract

Abstract. The use of activated carbon in Indonesia is expanding along with the increasing demand for activated carbon. Therefore, it is necessary to continue to search for raw materials and methods for producing activated carbon to produce high-quality activated carbon. Sorghum stalk (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is used as a new precursor for the formation of activated carbon by utilizing a ZnCl2 activator followed by pyrolysis in a furnace with a temperature of 800°C. This study aims to determine the effect of drying and the concentration of activator agents on activated carbon production. The ZnCl2 activator concentrations used were 15% and 30%. The results showed that the activated carbon obtained through the withdrawal process with a ZnCl2 concentration of 30% had the highest carbon content, namely 100%. Test results with FTIR spectroscopy showed that the activated carbon samples had groups (C-H), (O-H), (C≡C), (C=O), (C=C), and (C-O). In addition, the SEM test results showed that the surface of the activated carbon formed had many pores. With the presence of activated carbon from sorghum stem waste, it is hoped that this product can reduce the contaminants contained in wastewater.Keywords: Activation, Activated Carbon, Waste, Pyrolysis, Sorghum, ZnCl2
Preparation of Biopesticide Powder from Jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus) Leaf Extract to Eradicate Whitefly Pests (Bemisia tabaci G.) on Eggplant Plants (Solanum melongena L.) Fatmawati, Laila Silvy; Andini, Natasya Dian; Margono, Dr.
Journal of Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 3, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Biodiversitas (P3BB) LPPM UNS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/jbb.v3i2.83481

Abstract

The use of synthetic pesticides in Indonesia is increasingly widespread because they are considered effective in killing pests. However, synthetic pesticides leave residues that can cause environmental pollution and human health problems. Therefore, another alternative is needed, namely switching to using environmentally friendly vegetable pesticides. One of the alternatives is biopesticide powder from jicama leaf extract as a whitefly pest controller. Pomace leaves contain active compounds that are toxic to whitefly, namely rotenone which is a group of flavonoid compounds. The method of making this biopesticide powder consists of 2 stages, the first is the preparation of jicama leaf extract through a maceration process for 2 days with the ratio of leaf powder and solvent, namely 40 g, 60 g, 80, and 100 g of jicama leaf powder in 500 ml of 96% ethanol. The second stage is the processing of jicama leaf extract into biopesticide powder through the encapsulation process, namely mixing the extract with maltodextrin using a weight ratio of extract maltodextrin, namely 1 : 2 (w : w). The analysis carried out was the test of biopesticide effectiveness against whitefly. After testing, it was found that the biopesticide powder that was effective in eradicating whitefly pests was a biopesticide powder with a ratio of 100 grams of jicama leaf powder in 500 mL of 96% ethanol with a dissolution dose of 20 g/L in water, which was able to kill whitefly with a mortality percentage of 100% on day 3.
Co-Authors Astika, Bintari Fatmawati, Laila Silvy Margono, Dr. Mumtahinah, Fisafillah Al Prasetiyani, Yuliana Yudha, Cornelius Satria