Agnita Utami
Program S1 Ilmu Keperawatan, Fakultas Kesehatan, Universitas Hang Tuah, Pekanbaru

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Pengaruh posisi orthopneic terhadap penurunan frekuensi penapasan pada pasien tuberkulosis paru: The effect of the orthopnea position on the reduction of respiratory rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis Hazzun Sa'ida Haidar; Defi Eka Kartika; Bayu Saputra; Sandra Sandra; Agnita Utami
JURNAL KEPERAWATAN TROPIS PAPUA Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): DESEMBER 2025
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Jayapura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47539/jktp.v8i2.462

Abstract

Pasien tuberkulosis paru sering mengalami peningkatan frekuensi pernapasan akibat gangguan ventilasi dan elastisitas paru, yang dapat mengganggu efektivitas pertukaran gas. Intervensi keperawatan nonfarmakologis melalui pengaturan posisi tubuh merupakan salah satu pendekatan untuk memperbaiki pola pernapasan. Posisi Orthopneic diketahui dapat meningkatkan ekspansi paru dan menurunkan kerja otot pernapasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh posisi Orthopneic terhadap frekuensi pernapasan pada pasien tuberkulosis paru. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimen dengan pendekatan non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest. Sampel terdiri dari 24 pasien tuberkulosis paru yang dirawat di Ruang Jasmin RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau, yang dibagi menjadi kelompok intervensi (n = 12) dan kelompok kontrol (n = 12). Kelompok intervensi diberikan posisi orthopneic selama 10 menit, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberikan posisi semi-Fowler. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann–Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pengukuran awal tidak terdapat perbedaan frekuensi pernapasan yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kontrol (p=0,246). Setelah intervensi, frekuensi pernapasan pada kelompok intervensi menurun sebesar 20,25 ± 1,73 kali/menit, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 23,17 ± 2,19 kali/menit. Perbedaan frekuensi pernapasan antara kedua kelompok setelah intervensi menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,002). Penerapan posisi Orthopneic terbukti efektif menurunkan frekuensi pernapasan pada pasien tuberkulosis paru dan dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai intervensi keperawatan nonfarmakologis tambahan dalam praktik keperawatan di ruang perawatan. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis often experience an increased respiratory rate due to impaired ventilation and reduced lung elasticity, which may compromise the effectiveness of gas exchange. Nonpharmacological nursing interventions through body positioning represent one approach to improving breathing patterns. The orthopneic position is known to enhance lung expansion and reduce the workload of respiratory muscles. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the orthopneic position on respiratory rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a non-equivalent control group pretest–posttest approach. The sample consisted of 24 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis hospitalized in the Jasmin Ward of Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital, Riau Province, who were divided into an intervention group (n=12) and a control group (n = 12). The intervention group was positioned in the orthopneic position for 10 minutes, while the control group was placed in the semi-Fowler position. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test. The results showed that there was no significant difference in respiratory rate between the intervention and control groups at baseline (p = 0.246). After the intervention, the respiratory rate in the intervention group decreased to a mean ± standard deviation of 20.25 ± 1.73 breaths per minute, whereas the control group showed a mean ± standard deviation of 23.17 ± 2.19 breaths per minute. The difference in respiratory rate between the two groups after the intervention was statistically significant (p = 0.002). The application of the orthopneic position was effective in reducing respiratory rate in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and may be considered an additional nonpharmacological nursing intervention in clinical practice.