Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
0.23
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Mandalika Journal of Business and Management Studies
Defie R. Wawointana
Program Studi Teknik Arsitektur, Institut Teknologi Minaesa, Tomohon, Indonesia
Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

Published : 1 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 1 Documents
Search

 1 
Evaluasi Kenyamanan Termal dan Rekomendasi Desain Arsitektur pada Kawasan Waterfront Kota Manado Berbasis Temperature Humidity Index Jefri Muhaling; Defie R. Wawointana; Kivly E. Sarajar
Mandalika Journal of Business and Management Studies Vol 4 No 1 (2026): Mandalika Journal of Business and Management Studies
Publisher : Mandalika Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59613/mjbms.v4i1.434

Abstract

The waterfront area of Manado City is a strategic public space serving as a center of community activities; however, the area's architectural characteristics dominated by hard materials, minimal shade vegetation, and high-rise building configurations that block sea breezes have caused thermal discomfort for users. This study aims to evaluate the level of outdoor thermal comfort in the waterfront area of Manado City using the Temperature Humidity Index (THI) approach and formulate applicable climate-adaptive architectural design recommendations. The method employed combines a quantitative descriptive analysis with an architectural analysis of the area. Secondary climatological data were obtained from the BMKG Sam Ratulangi Meteorological Station, while the area's architectural characteristics were analyzed based on mass arrangement, building envelope materials, vegetation, and building orientation. Results show that the monthly THI values range from 25.62 to 26.45 with an annual average of 26.00; 50% of months fall within the "partially comfortable" category, and 50% are classified as "uncomfortable." Architectural factors causing discomfort include the dominance of high thermal-capacity materials, absence of shading elements, and building mass arrangements that obstruct sea breeze circulation. Based on these findings, this study proposes architectural design recommendations including: layered shade vegetation arrangement, application of pergolas and structural canopies, integration of water features in the landscape, use of porous high-albedo materials, and implementation of secondary skin and vertical gardens on building envelopes.
Co-Authors Jefri Muhaling Kivly E. Sarajar