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Emerging Economic Blocs and Its Role in Reshaping International Economic Relations: An Analytical Study of BRICS Trends Suad Jawad Kadhim
Journal of Economics, Assets, and Evaluation Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): June
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jeae.v3i4.1218

Abstract

The research aims to study role blocs economic the rising in reformation relations economic international, with the focus on group BRICS as described one most prominent gatherings economic that it emerged during contracts the last in shadow Transformations accelerated that It witnesses economy global and it begins. search from hypothesis Its meaning that growth power economic finance countries the group shares in Strengthening Pluralism economic and reduction degree accreditation on centers traditional dominant on order economic International and it has depend search curriculum analytical descriptive from during track origin the group and its development, analysis its goals and mechanisms her work and its initiatives economic and finance, to side study Its impact in fields commerce International investment and financing development and it reached search to that group BRICS succeeded in consolidation its status as an actor economic influential thanks what own it from weight population and economic and resources natural diverse, as contributed in to support demands repair Institutions finance International and strengthening cooperation between countries developing from during construction Institutions financing alternative like Bank development new and arrangements the reserve the emergency, and it showed Results like that that heading the group about expansion use currencies Local in Exchanges commercial it represents step a task about diversification order critical global, and with that, faces the group challenges Multiple It is in disparities economic between members and difference priorities Nationalism and some disagreements geopolitics that may challenge from effectiveness coordination the subscriber and concludes search to that group BRICS represents power upward capable on contribution in building system economic international more balance and pluralism, with survival her success future related with her ability on strengthening integration and coordination between countries members and continuing development mechanisms cooperation economic In the among them.
Geopolitical Tensions in The Strait of Hormuz and Its Impact on Global Energy Security and The Stability of International Supply Chains: An Analytical Study Suad Jawad Kadhim
Journal of Regional Economics and Development Vol. 3 No. 4 (2026): August
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jred.v3i4.1220

Abstract

The current research aims to uncover the geopolitical tensions in the Strait of Hormuz and their impact on global energy security and the stability of international supply chains through analysing the relevant tensions. The research is based on the current situation strategy, which positions the strait as one of the most important maritime routes for transporting oil and natural gas from Gulf countries to global markets, emphasising the importance of the study in light of increasing security and political challenges related to the strait and the potential risks it poses to energy flows and international trade. The research relies on the descriptive analytical method, through studying literature and international reports related to the Strait of Hormuz, analysing the nature of its tensions, the resulting regional conflicts and compeTheion among international powers, in addition to maritime security threats that may affect freedom of navigation. The current study concluded that any escalation in the Strait region directly affects global energy markets through rising oil and gas prices, higher transportation and insurance costs, leading to disruption of international supply chains, trade delays, and increased production costs across many economic sectors. The results also showed that energy-importing countries, particularly Asian economies, play a significant role in disrupting navigation in the Strait of Hormuz, as confirmed by the study. The study emphasises that enhancing international cooperation in maritime security, diversifying energy sources, developing alternative transport routes, and increasing reliance on renewable energy sources are essential to mitigating risks associated with geopolitical tensions in the Strait of Hormuz, strengthening the global economy's resilience to future crises, and maintaining stability in energy markets and international trade.