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Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar
Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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CROSS-BORDER PROPERTY OWNERSHIP DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL: SUATU STUDI PERBANDINGAN NEGARA Akhmad Kautsar Fattah; Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar
Jurnal Humaniora & Sosial Sains Vol 2 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pojok Publisher

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This study addresses the issue of cross-border property ownership from the perspective of international law, with a focus on comparing Indonesia with several other countries. The main objective of this research is to examine how international law accommodates property ownership by foreign nationals and the mechanisms available for resolving disputes arising from it. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory, analytical, and comparative approaches. The findings indicate that regulations concerning property ownership by foreign nationals largely depend on the national sovereignty of each country. Indonesia, for example, through the principle of nationality under the Agrarian Law (UUPA), restricts property ownership exclusively to Indonesian citizens, with limited exceptions in the form of usage rights (hak pakai). However, in practice, legal loopholes exist through nominee schemes and foreign investment mechanisms such as the establishment of foreign-owned companies (PT PMA). Meanwhile, countries like Singapore and Japan adopt more open approaches toward foreign property ownership. In terms of dispute resolution, international law provides access to international arbitration forums such as ICSID, which serve as alternatives for foreign investors seeking fair and neutral legal protection. Therefore, while international law does not directly regulate the substance of property ownership, it plays a crucial role in shaping the framework for investment protection and cross-border property dispute resolution.
A COMPARISON OF TELEMEDICINE IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA: A LEGAL AND POLICY REVIEW Rizka Erlyani; Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar; Muthia Sakti
Jurnal Humaniora & Sosial Sains Vol 2 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Pojok Publisher

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This study aims to provide a comparative analysis of the regulatory frameworks governing digital health platforms for telemedicine services in Indonesia and Malaysia. By examining the legal structures, challenges, and opportunities in implementing telemedicine through private digital platforms, the study identifies key differences and similarities between the two countries. The study uses a normative legal approach, combining legislative analysis and comparative law. The study evaluates relevant laws and regulations in both countries, including Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning Health in Indonesia and the Telemedicine Act 1997 in Malaysia. The analysis focuses on platform-based models, such as Halodoc in Indonesia and BookDoc in Malaysia, to assess regulatory compliance, data protection measures, and their implications for healthcare access and patient safety. The findings reveal significant regulatory gaps in Indonesia, particularly regarding legal recognition of private platforms and unclear accountability mechanisms. In contrast, Malaysia's more integrated regulatory framework facilitates smoother collaboration between the public and private sectors. The study concludes with recommendations for policy improvements in Indonesia, emphasizing the need for clearer regulations to ensure legal certainty, patient protection, and service quality in telemedicine practices.
Co-Authors Akhmad Kautsar Fattah Muthia Sakti Rizka Erlyani