Joni Widjayanto
Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Indonesia

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Restructuring National Defense Policy through the Integration of Artificial Intelligence for Strategic Decision-Making M. Taher AM; Joni Widjayanto; Rodon Pedrason; Robby M. Taufiq; Asep Adang Supriyadi
Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION (In Press)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/jige.v7i2.5767

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) has changed the strategic environment of national defense by increasing the speed, volume, and complexity of information that must be processed before policy and operational decisions are made. This article analyzes how AI can be integrated into national defense policy as a strategic decision-support capability while maintaining legal, ethical, and institutional control. Using a qualitative literature study and policy analysis, the article synthesizes peer-reviewed studies, defense policy documents, and responsible-AI governance frameworks published between 2018 and 2024. The analysis shows that AI can strengthen defense decision-making through intelligence data fusion, predictive threat assessment, cyber defense, logistics optimization, command-and-control support, and military training simulation. However, AI integration also creates risks related to algorithmic bias, data security, accountability, human oversight, interoperability, technological dependence, and uneven institutional readiness. The article proposes a policy reformulation model based on six pillars: clear legal mandate, responsible AI governance, secure data and digital infrastructure, human-AI teaming, accountable acquisition and testing, and cross-sector collaboration. The study concludes that AI should not be positioned as a replacement for commanders or policymakers, but as a controlled decision-support instrument that improves the quality and timeliness of strategic choices. A defense policy that combines technological innovation with human judgment, ethical safeguards, and institutional resilience is essential for strengthening national defense in an increasingly complex security environment.
The Superiority of Willpower over Firepower: A Philosophical Analysis of Vietnamese Resistance against the United States, 1954–1975 Riyanto Wujarso; Muhammad Arif Saifudin; Joni Widjayanto
Jurnal Ilmiah Global Education Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL ILMIAH GLOBAL EDUCATION (In Press)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/jige.v7i2.6752

Abstract

The Vietnam War (1954–1975) stands as a crucial case study of asymmetric conflict, where a major military superpower (the US) was defeated by an ideologically grounded resistance movement. This research specifically argues that Vietnam’s victory was a classic case of the superiority of willpower over firepower. The study’s primary objective is to analyze the essence and implementation of the "People’s War" doctrine as the ideological foundation of the resistance. The methodology employed is a qualitative historical case study utilizing content analysis of key military doctrine documents, historical monographs, and academic journals. Key findings indicate that the People’s War philosophy consistently positioned political struggle (Dau Tranh Chinh Tri) as the strategic determinant of armed struggle, creating a framework of total resistance that fully integrated the civilian populace. The operational implementation of this philosophy, especially through the Cu Chi Tunnels and the psychological strategy of the 1968 Tet offensive, effectively neutralized the overwhelming American firepower. The Tet offensive serves as a causal proof, where tactical losses were exchanged for a devastating political-psychological victory that broke the US’s will to continue the war (willpower). This study concludes that the Vietnam War was "More Than Just a Battle." Vietnam’s success was generated by a defense philosophy that successfully mobilized limitless moral power a decisive strategic advantage that western military metrics failed to measure or destroy.