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All Journal Jurnal Promotif Preventif Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy
Farrah Fahdhienie
Faculty of Public Health, University of Muhammadiyah Aceh, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Sosioeconomic, Behavioral, and Biological Determinants of Tuberculosis Incidence: A Case Study in Aceh Besar, Indonesia Farrah Fahdhienie; Fahrisal Akbar
Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/jphp.v5i3.6008

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) pandemic is a significant global health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Every year the incidence and deaths due to TB continue to increase. Preventing and controlling TB effectively requires understanding the complex interplay of the multidimensional TB risk factors, which consist of social, behavioral, and biological determinants that contribute to its spread. This study aimed to identify and analyze the primary risk factors associated with TB incidence. Methods: This study employed a case-control design with 44 respondents consisting of 22 laboratory-confirmed TB patients and 22 non-TB patients with matching ages and sex. This study used a structured questionnaire was used to collect data through face-to-face interviews. The questionnaire assessed risk factors across three key domains: social determinants, behavioral determinants, and biological determinants. Bivariate analysis, which used a chi-square test (p-value <0.05), and multivariate analysis, which used a logistic regression test, were performed to determine risk factors most associated with TB incidence. Results: Low income (p-value=0.015;OR=6.923;95%CI=1.285-37.287), high TB-related stigma (p-value=0.033;OR=3.852;95%CI=1.086-13.661), insufficient TB knowledge (p-value =0.033;OR=3.852;95%CI=1.086-13.661), food insecurity (p-value=0.006;OR=5.950;95%CI=1.586-22.328), lack of preventative measures (p-value=0.015;OR=4.667;95%CI=1.299-16.761), history of contact with TB patients (p-value =0.039;OR=7.875;95%CI=0.860-72.122), and presence of comorbidities (p-value =0.031;OR=5.714;95%CI=1.051-31.072) were significantly associated with TB incidence. Comorbidities emerged as the strongest risk factor (p-value =0.020; OR=12.141;95%CI=1.486-99.231). Conclusion: This study highlights several major factors influencing TB incidence, including social, behavioral, and biological determinants. The findings suggest that effective TB control strategies should address socioeconomic conditions, promote healthy lifestyles, and involve community leaders and TB survivors in educational campaigns, stigma reduction, and early diagnosis efforts. Understanding these health determinants can inform more targeted public policies for curbing TB incidence.
Faktor Risiko Sosial, Perilaku, dan Lingkungan yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Demam Berdarah Dengue: Studi Kasus-Kontrol di Banda Aceh, Indonesia Farrah Fahdhienie; Irma Hamisah
Jurnal Promotif Preventif Vol 9 No 4 (2026): Agustus 2026: JURNAL PROMOTIF PREVENTIF
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Pancasakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47650/jpp.v9i4.2298

Abstract

Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan di wilayah tropis seperti Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian DBD. Penelitian menggunakan desain studi kasus-kontrol yang dilaksanakan di 15 gampong wilayah kerja Puskesmas Meuraxa, Kota Banda Aceh, dengan melibatkan 62 responden yang terdiri atas 31 kasus dan 31 kontrol menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner dan observasi lingkungan, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan odds ratio (OR) beserta 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian DBD berhubungan signifikan dengan pengetahuan (OR=7,58; 95% CI: 2,39–24,06; p<0,001), sikap (OR=6,23; 95% CI: 2,04–19,07; p=0,001), perilaku pencegahan (OR=5,77; 95% CI: 1,84–18,06; p=0,002), kebiasaan menggantung pakaian (OR=5,23; 95% CI: 1,76–15,55; p=0,002), penggunaan obat nyamuk (OR=6,59; 95% CI: 2,09–20,78; p=0,001), kebiasaan tidur sore (OR=3,39; 95% CI: 1,18–9,71; p=0,021), penyuluhan (OR=5,55; 95% CI: 1,69–18,20; p=0,003), dukungan tenaga kesehatan (OR=5,55; 95% CI: 1,69–18,20; p=0,003), serta keberadaan jentik nyamuk (OR=6,23; 95% CI: 2,04–19,07; p=0,001). Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya penguatan pengendalian DBD berbasis komunitas melalui peningkatan edukasi kesehatan, pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pemberantasan sarang nyamuk, serta keterlibatan aktif tenaga kesehatan untuk menurunkan risiko kejadian DBD.
Co-Authors Fahrisal Akbar Irma Hamisah