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All Journal Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) Unesa Journal of Chemistry
Samik
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Energy Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Other

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SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI NANOKATALIS K2O/LUMPUR LAPINDO SEBAGAI KATALIS REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK JELANTAH MENJADI BIODIESEL Hamidatul Mubarokah; Samik
Unesa Journal of Chemistry Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025): Vol 14 No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Surabaya State University, located at Jl Ketintang, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/ujc.v14n3.p97-106

Abstract

Lapindo mud (LM) was explored as a low-cost base material for nanocatalyst development aimed at converting waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel. This study evaluates the synthesis and characterization of K₂O/LM nanocatalysts through the impregnation of K₂CO₃ with variations of 10%, 20%, and 30% followed by calcination at 550 °C for 3 h and particle size reduction via ball milling. The catalysts were characterized using XRF, XRD, and PSA. XRF analysis confirmed a significant increase in K₂O content from 2.51% in Lapindo Mud to 13.5%, 23.7%, and 36.4% after impregnation. The presence of characteristic K₂O peaks in XRD patterns further verified successful incorporation of active species. PSA results showed average particle sizes of 556.8 nm for LM and 535.9 nm for the K₂O(30)/LM catalyst. Transesterification was carried out at 60 °C for 2 h using a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1 and 4 wt% catalyst. GC–MS analysis revealed that biodiesel produced using LM catalyst contained 99.28% methyl esters, whereas the K₂O(30)/LM catalyst yielded 19.74% methyl esters. The K2O/LM catalyst exhibited relatively low performance in the transesterification of WCO, which is attributed to the absence of a prior calcination step of the lapindo mud before impregnation.
COMMUNITY CAPACITY FOR QUALITY STANDARDIZATION OF LIQUID FERTILIZER BASED ON LOCAL DAIRY COW MANURE POTENTIAL IN BRAU-BATU Muhammad Ikhlas Abdjan; Maria Monica Sianita; Pirim Setiarso; Nur Hayati; Samik; Mirwa Adiprahara Anggarani; Fani Deapsari
Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Services) Vol. 10 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL LAYANAN MASYARAKAT
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

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Abstract

A training activity on liquid fertilizer quality standardization based on the potential of dairy cow manure was conducted in the Brau region of ​​Gunungsari Village, Batu City, it initiative aims to increase community capacity in producing liquid fertilizer that meets national quality standards. The program uses a participatory approach that involves livestock farmers and community groups in identifying needs, providing training, conducting quality testing, and providing support for the production process. The training included an introduction to quality parameters according to SNI 4958:2015 and Ministry of Agriculture regulations, a pH measurement demonstration, self-testing practices, and assistance with the production process. Evaluation results showed that participants experienced increased knowledge and skills in independently testing the quality of liquid fertilizer. All participants were able to use measuring instruments correctly and understood basic product standardization procedures. Questionnaire results (n=10) indicated a very positive response to the training and mentoring methods provided, as well as increased participant confidence in implementing quality control on their products. These findings demonstrate that a training approach integrating theory and practice has proven effective in improving community technical literacy and opening opportunities for the development of local liquid fertilizer products that meet quality standards and are ready to enter the formal market.
Co-Authors Fani Deapsari Hamidatul Mubarokah Maria Monica Sianita Mirwa Adiprahara Anggarani Muhammad Ikhlas Abdjan Nur Hayati Pirim Setiarso