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All Journal Manna Rafflesia Jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat
Rinto Francius Sirait
Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Siloam
Religion Education Other

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MAKNA TEOLOGIS AZAZEL DALAM IMAMAT 16: ANALISIS RITUAL PENDAMAIAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERJANJIAN LAMA Rinto Francius Sirait; Martina Novalina
Manna Rafflesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Arastamar Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38091/man_raf.v12i2.694

Abstract

The Day of Atonement in Leviticus 16 occupies a central position in the Israelite cultic system as a means of restoring the relationship between YHWH and His people. One of the most problematic elements in this ritual is the identity and function of Azazel, which only appears in this context and opens up a wide range of interpretations. The ambiguity of Azazel's meaning creates hermeneutical tension because it has implications for the understanding of sin and the value of atonement. In ancient Israeli liturgical practice, the symbols of the wilderness and the goat for Azazel continue to spark debate. This indicates the need for an integrative reading of the atonement ritual. This study aims to analyse the theological meaning of Azazel in Leviticus 16 as a symbol of chaos subject to the sovereignty of YHWH. The method used is a literature study with a grammatical-historical exegetical approach. The results of the study show that Azazel in Leviticus 16 cannot be reduced to a mere demonological figure or a topographical reference, but rather a cosmological symbol that connects the spiritual dimension, liminal space, and the reality of sin. The ritual of transferring sin through goats to Azazel reveals a mechanism for eliminating impurity from the community to a realm of chaos that lies outside the sacred order. Through this structure, Levitical theology affirms that all space, including marginal areas, remains under the absolute sovereignty of YHWH, so that atonement is understood as a comprehensive cosmic restoration.
Pelayanan dan Keuangan: Suatu Upaya Meningkatkan Keuangan Gereja dalam Mendukung Pemberitaan Kabar Baik di Calon Resort GKE Bulik Timur Ruben Pranto Sirait; Rinto Francius Sirait
Jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): April: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurrafi.v5i1.7911

Abstract

Many churches face great challenges in carrying out the mission of the gospel effectively in the midst of their limited resources, one of which is the Evangelical Kalimantan Church (GKE), especially in the Calon Resort (Cares) of GKE Bulik Timur. This study uses a qualitative approach by examining the condition of objects naturally, where the researcher plays the role of a key instrument and the sampling technique is carried out by purposive sampling. The results of the study show that limited funds caused by the lack of spiritual health of congregation members are the main obstacle to service, especially in PKB mission activities and congregation formation. The low financial support of the congregation is influenced by the weak theological understanding of giving and the limited economic income of the congregation. To overcome this, the church implements various theological and responsible efforts and strategies, including through strengthening preaching, spiritual formation, and the development of productive investment in the form of oil palm plantations. This plantation business has proven to be able to be a sustainable solution in supporting church finances so that services can run more optimally.
Pelayanan dan Keuangan: Suatu Upaya Meningkatkan Keuangan Gereja dalam Mendukung Pemberitaan Kabar Baik di Calon Resort GKE Bulik Timur Ruben Pranto Sirait; Rinto Francius Sirait
Jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat Vol. 5 No. 1 (2026): April: Jurnal Riset Rumpun Agama dan Filsafat
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/jurrafi.v5i1.7953

Abstract

Many churches face significant challenges in effectively carrying out their Gospel mission amidst limited resources, and one such challenge is the Kalimantan Evangelical Church (GKE), particularly in the Calon Resort (Cares) of GKE Bulik Timur. The author used a qualitative approach to examine the natural conditions of the object. The researcher served as the key instrument, and purposive sampling was used. The results of this study are: Limited funds due to the spiritual health of congregation members hinders ministry, particularly in PKB mission activities and congregational development; Low financial support from congregation members for improving church services is caused by: weak theological understanding and limited income; The church's efforts and strategies to improve finances theologically and responsibly include: instilling a sense of giving through sermons, spiritual development, and investing in oil palm plantations. Oil palm plantations in several congregations in Cares GKE Bulik Timur have become a solution to financial constraints, ensuring adequate funding for services.
Co-Authors Martina Novalina Ruben Pranto Sirait