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All Journal Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Putu Ngurah Pradnya Wibawa
UPTD Dawan II Community Health Center
Humanities Dentistry Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Comparative Approaches to Antimicrobial Resistance Testing in Sepsis: E-Test and Molecular Diagnostics – A Scoping Review Putu Ngurah Pradnya Wibawa; Ni Putu Lia Juliantini; Ni Luh Putu Serly Ekayanti
Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO) Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Sehat Indonesia (JUSINDO)
Publisher : CV. Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/-.v8i2.512

Abstract

Sepsis remains a major global health problem with high morbidity and mortality. Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is essential, but conventional methods are time-consuming and may delay appropriate therapy. This study aimed to compare phenotypic methods, particularly the E-test, and molecular diagnostics for antimicrobial susceptibility testing in sepsis. A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and other sources for studies published between 2016 and 2026. From 214 identified records, 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Molecular diagnostics provided results within 1–8 hours, while rapid phenotypic methods required 3–7 hours, compared to 48–96 hours for conventional methods. Molecular approaches showed high resistance detection accuracy (up to 99%), whereas phenotypic methods demonstrated high agreement with reference standards (>95–99%). Rapid diagnostics improved antimicrobial therapy optimization, with treatment modification reported in up to 21% of patients. Phenotypic and molecular methods have complementary strengths. Molecular diagnostics offer speed, while phenotypic methods such as the E-test ensure accuracy. An integrated approach may improve antimicrobial stewardship and clinical outcomes in sepsis.
Association Between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in patients aged ?18 years: A Systematic Review Putu Ngurah Pradnya Wibawa; Ni Putu Lia Juliantini; Ni Luh Putu Serly Ekayanti
Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 7 (2026): Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/cerdika.v6i7.3405

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver condition whose prevalence continues to rise in parallel with increasing rates of obesity, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders. NAFLD is also associated with extrahepatic conditions, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to determine whether there is an association between NAFLD and the incidence of CKD. This scoping review analyzed articles published between August 2016 and August 2026 from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and OpenAlex. The inclusion criteria comprised English-language cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies examining the association between NAFLD and the risk of CKD. Fifteen articles were selected following a rigorous screening process. The findings indicate a consistent and significant association between fatty liver disease—particularly metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—and an increased risk of incident CKD. MAFLD appears to be a better predictor of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than the traditional NAFLD definition, primarily because it directly incorporates metabolic dysfunction. The terminology has evolved from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This shift represents a change in diagnostic strategy from exclusion-based criteria (as in NAFLD) to inclusion-based criteria that prioritize metabolic dysfunction (including obesity and diabetes), which has been shown to be more effective in assessing the risk of developing CKD.
Safety and Effectiveness of Momordica Charantia on Glycemic Control in Prediabetes: A Literature Review Putu Ngurah Pradnya Wibawa; Ni Putu Lia Juliantini
Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Vol. 6 No. 8 (2026): Cerdika: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59141/cerdika.v6i8.3467

Abstract

Prediabetes is a metabolic condition characterized by elevated blood glucose levels that do not yet meet the diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus but significantly increase the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Early intervention is essential to delay disease progression, and herbal medicine has gained attention as a potential alternative therapy due to its accessibility and perceived safety. One promising herbal agent is Momordica charantia (bitter melon), which contains bioactive compounds such as charantin, polypeptide-p, and vicine that may improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin sensitivity, increasing peripheral glucose uptake, and reducing hepatic glucose production. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of Momordica charantia in improving glycemic parameters and insulin resistance among individuals with prediabetes. This literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, ScienceDirect, and OpenAlex databases for studies published between 2016 and 2026. The search strategy included keywords related to insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and Momordica charantia. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, and systematic reviews focusing on glycemic outcomes. Study selection, data extraction, and synthesis were performed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings indicated that Momordica charantia may be a safe and potentially effective herbal intervention for glycemic management in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Regular consumption in powder or extract forms has been associated with reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), improvements in insulin sensitivity as measured by the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and regulation of glucagon levels, supporting its potential role in metabolic control.
Co-Authors Ni Luh Putu Serly Ekayanti Ni Putu Lia Juliantini