<![CDATA[This study is grounded in the importance of strengthening the theoretical foundations of Islamic learning that are able to integrate teaching and learning theories, the mulazamah method, and the understanding of Islamic knowledge in the context of Islamic boarding schools. This study aims to analyze the relationship between four main learning theories, namely behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, and humanism, and Islamic learning practices through the mulazamah method, as well as their implications for students’ understanding of Islamic knowledge. This study uses a library research method with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data were examined through the search and analysis of relevant literature on learning theories, Islamic pedagogy, the mulazamah method, the epistemology of Islamic knowledge, and pesantren educational practices. The results of the study show that the mulazamah method is a classical Islamic pedagogical system rooted in the learning tradition of the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and characterized by intensive closeness between teacher and student, exemplary conduct, habituation, deepening of knowledge, and the formation of adab. This method represents the integration of behaviorist principles through habituation, cognitivism through strengthening understanding, constructivism through the internalization of learning experiences, and humanism through the holistic development of students’ personalities. The conclusion of this study affirms that the mulazamah method has the potential to become an integrative Islamic learning model because it is able to form a comprehensive understanding of Islamic knowledge while also developing students’ knowledgeable and well-mannered character. The implications of this study strengthen the development of Islamic pedagogy based on the pesantren tradition that is relevant to the needs of contemporary Islamic education.]]>
