This study aims to empirically examine the direct and indirect effects of market orientation and relationship learning on marketing performance, with brand orientation positioned as a mediating variable, within the context of furniture companies in Java, Indonesia. Grounded in the theoretical frameworks of generic competitive strategy, market orientation, and relationship learning, this research develops a conceptual model comprising five structural hypotheses. Primary data were gathered through a structured questionnaire administered to a representative sample of furniture company managers across Java, with responses measured on a five-point Likert scale. The hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) via AMOS 7.0. Empirical results confirm that market orientation positively and significantly affects brand orientation (standardized estimate = +0.224, CR = 2.008, p < 0.05) and marketing performance (standardized estimate = +0.199, CR = 1.969, p < 0.05). Relationship learning exerts a stronger positive effect on brand orientation (standardized estimate = +0.353, CR = 3.095, p < 0.01) and the largest direct effect on marketing performance among all constructs (standardized estimate = +0.401, CR = 4.058, p < 0.001). Brand orientation, in turn, positively affects marketing performance (standardized estimate = +0.313, CR = 2.964, p < 0.01). These findings affirm the strategic centrality of brand orientation as both an outcome of organizational learning and market responsiveness, and as a critical driver of sustainable marketing performance. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed in relation to competitive advantage strategy in emerging market contexts.