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Performance analysis of soybean oil with CuO/Graphene hybrid additive nanoparticles as cutting fluid on CNC machining processes Agus Setiawan; Poppy Puspitasari; Mohammad Tauviqirrahman; Diki Dwi Pramono; Haipan Salam
Teknomekanik Vol. 8 No. 2 (2025): Regular Issue
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/teknomekanik.v8i2.42472

Abstract

This study investigates the performance of soybean oil-based nano-lubricants with CuO, graphene, and CuO/graphene hybrids under MQL-assisted CNC milling of AISI 1045 steel. The research aims to evaluate the thermophysical, rheological, and tribological properties of various lubricant formulations, including pure soybean oil and soybean oil with individual or hybrid nanoparticle additives. Nanoparticles were characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR, and fluid samples were evaluated for density, viscosity, thermal conductivity, sedimentation stability, and rheological behavior. Machining performance was assessed through tool wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, wear debris morphology, and chip color analysis. Results showed that adding graphene nanoparticles significantly improved machining performance, achieving a surface roughness of 1.033 µm, tool wear of 0.0493 mm, and a cutting temperature of 46.1 °C, outperforming both conventional and alternative nanofluid formulations. Among all formulations, the graphene-based nanofluid delivered the lowest cutting temperature, surface roughness, and flank wear under MQL. The CuO/graphene hybrid improved performance relative to the base fluids but did not surpass the graphene formulation, indicating limited synergistic benefits under the present soybean oil-based-MQL conditions.
Interactive Effects of Lubricant Type and Sliding Distance on the Tribological Behavior of Aluminium 6061 Against SKD11 Steel Dewi Ambarwati; Poppy Puspitasari; Diki Dwi Pramono; Muhammad Kozin
ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Vol. 4 No. 8 (2026): ARMADA : Jurnal Penelitian Multidisplin, Agustus 2026
Publisher : LPPM Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi 45 Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55681/armada.v4i8.3288

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of lubricant formulation and sliding distance on the tribological behavior of Aluminum 6061 coupled with SKD11 steel under a constant normal load of 10 N. Sliding distances of 100, 1000, and 5000 m were tested under three lubrication regimes: dry contact, waste cooking oil (WCO)-based biolubricant, and WCO-based biolubricant containing 0.15 wt% TiO₂ nanoparticles. Tribological performance was evaluated using the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate, while Two-Way ANOVA assessed the significance of the main factors and their interaction. The TiO₂-enriched biolubricant produced the lowest COF (0.1081–0.1311), corresponding to a maximum reduction of 73.1% compared with dry friction, and reduced the wear rate to 1.48 × 10⁻³ mm³/N·m at 5000 m, indicating approximately 95% improvement in wear resistance. ANOVA confirmed that lubricant type significantly affected tribological performance (p < 0.05). These improvements were attributed to a more persistent boundary lubrication layer and protective tribofilm formation promoted by TiO₂ nanoparticles, demonstrating its potential as an environmentally friendly lubricant for aluminum-based manufacturing applications.