<![CDATA[Pneumonia is still the main reason children under five years old die worldwide, and nearly all of these deaths happen in poorer countries. In Pekanbaru City, the Payung Sekaki Health Center had the most cases of toddler pneumonia in 2021, with a total of 97 cases recorded. Objective: To look at how the home environment and the way parents act can influence the chances of a toddler between 12 and 59 months getting pneumonia. Methods: A quantitative study with cross-sectional design. A group of 49 young children was chosen using a method where every child had an equal chance of being selected. Data was gathered using observation forms and examined with univariate and bivariate analysis, including the Chi-Square test. Results show that 51% of the people surveyed had homes where conditions were not good, 75.5% had parents who acted in ways that weren't positive, and 55.1% of the young children had pneumonia. The analysis looked at two factors at a time and found that environmental factors had a strong impact on pneumonia, with a p-value of 0.007 and a POR of 6.333. Parental behavior also had an effect, with a p-value of 0.038 and a POR of 5.538. In summary, having a bad home environment makes a child six times and three tenths more likely to get pneumonia, and if parents don't behave well, it makes the child five times and five tenths more likely to get pneumonia. Education about PHBS and efforts to improve healthy home standards should be given top priority.Keywords: environmental factors, parental behavior, pneumonia, toddlers, Pekanbaru]]>
