<![CDATA[International trade in agricultural products between Indonesia and China represents one of the most strategic bilateral trade relationships in the Asian region. This study aims to analyze the opportunities and threats/challenges faced by Indonesia in agricultural commodity trade with China during the 2023–2025 period. The method used is descriptive quantitative analysis with a SWOT approach, utilizing secondary data from the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia (Pusdatin, April 2025), the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), and various recent scientific literature sources. The results show that Indonesia has significant opportunities to increase exports of key commodities such as palm oil, rubber, cocoa, tropical fruits, and food crops to the continuously growing Chinese market. However, Indonesia also faces threats including an agricultural trade balance deficit, the influx of low-cost Chinese agricultural products, and non-tariff barriers. In March 2025, Indonesia's total agricultural export value reached USD 4.062 billion while import value was USD 1.935 billion (fresh + processed). The plantation sub-sector was the largest export contributor with a value of USD 3.848 billion. This study recommends strengthening the competitiveness of Indonesian agricultural products through downstream processing, product diversification, and utilization of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) framework.]]>
