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All Journal Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Pandrya, Carla Oktaviani
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Health Professions

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Hipertermia Maligna: Tinjauan Pustaka: Tinjauan Pustaka Pandrya, Carla Oktaviani; Anderson Surya, Kevin
Cermin Dunia Kedokteran Vol 53 No 06 (2026): Juni 2026
Publisher : PT Kalbe Farma Tbk.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55175/cdk.v53i06.1746

Abstract

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a life-threatening syndrome triggered by inhaled anesthetics and depolarizing muscle relaxants like succinylcholine, leading to uncontrolled skeletal muscle hypermetabolism. This condition is marked by massive calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum, causing muscle rigidity, increased temperature, and metabolic disturbances. The genetic basis of MH is linked to mutations in the CACNA1S gene, which encodes a subunit of the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR), which is essential to muscle calcium regulation. The condition is often triggered during surgeries requiring general or regional anesthesia, particularly in individuals with a family history of MH. Clinical manifestations may include hypercapnia, tachycardia, acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and multi-organ dysfunction. Early diagnosis remains challenging because MH may resemble other hypermetabolic conditions and can progress rapidly if left untreated. Treatment involves the administration of dantrolene, a post-synaptic muscle relaxant that reduces excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and mitigates hypermetabolism. Early recognition and prompt dantrolene administration are vital for successful management.
Co-Authors Anderson Surya, Kevin