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M. N. Mohammed
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Gulf University, Sanad 26489, Bahrain
Engineering

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Efficient lead removal from industrial wastewater using activated carbon synthesized from wood sawdust Firdos Abdulla; Qusay Al-Obaidi; Maryam Al-Ameri; Mohd Shukor Salleh; M. N. Mohammed; Oday Abdullah; Faris H. Al-Ani
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 11 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.11.1.2026.1914

Abstract

The social economy's rapid expansion and unprecedented population growth are significantly contributing to environmental issues. Contamination of soil and water by heavy metals is a major environmental problem. Activated carbon synthesized from biomass possesses several qualities, including a large specific surface area, a hierarchically porous structure, robust adsorption capability, and high economic value. Wood sawdust, a plentiful agricultural by-product, was used to chemically produce activated carbon (AC). Lead removal from industrial wastewater was examined using this AC. The Langmuir and Freundlich models, along with first- and second-order kinetics, were applied for kinetic analysis. The novelty of this work lies in the combination of moderate-temperature chemical activation (600 °C) with Iraqi wood sawdust, achieving a remarkably high surface area (1477.54 m2/g) compared to most previously reported biomass-derived adsorbents. Results showed an impressive maximum adsorption capacity of 177.54 mg/g. This value compares favorably with many recently reported biomass-derived adsorbents. The boundary layer effect occurs, and the adsorption of Pb follows pseudo-second-order kinetics.
Co-Authors Faris H. Al-Ani Firdos Abdulla Maryam Al-Ameri Mohd Shukor Salleh Oday Abdullah Qusay Al-Obaidi