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All Journal IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)
Nabila Aprianti
National Research and Innovation Agency
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Environmental Science

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Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Rice Husk Biochar/MnFe2O4 Nanocomposites Oka Yana Afrizki; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani; Nabila Aprianti
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 11, No 1 (2026): February 2026
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24845/ijfac.v11.i1.48

Abstract

The increasing contamination with microorganisms has driven the development of effective, environmentally friendly antibacterial materials. Biochar was used as a porous matrix to support the dispersion of MnFe₂O₄ particles and to enhance the material's surface area. This study aims to synthesize a rice husk–based biochar/MnFe₂O₄ composite and evaluate its structural and morphological characteristics, as well as antibacterial activity. The composite was synthesized by coprecipitation and characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) at concentration variations of 1000–5000 mg/L. XRD results confirmed the formation of a spinel MnFe₂O₄ phase, as indicated high-intensity diffraction peaks   at 31.56° and 35.22° and the average crystallite size calculated using the Scherrer equation was approximately 27.1 nm, indicating the formation of nanocrystalline domains. SEM analysis revealed that MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the biochar surface, while EDX confirmed the presence of C, O, Mn, and Fe elements. FTIR analysis identified –OH, C=O, and C–O functional groups, along with characteristic Mn–O and Fe–O vibrations, confirming successful composite formation. Antibacterial activity increased with concentration, reaching a maximum inhibition zone of 7.2 mm against both E. coli and S. aureus at 5000 mg/L, indicating mild antibacterial performance. The composite exhibits eco-friendly characteristics due to its biomass-derived biochar matrix and offers magnetic separability, facilitating easy recovery and potential reuse for sustainable environmental applications.Keywords: Rice husk biochar, MnFe₂O₄, antibacterial activity
Synthesis of Ag/CeO2 Nanocomposites with Noni Leaf Extract and Its Potential Antibacterial Properties Laellia Denada; Poedji Loekitowati Hariani; Nabila Aprianti
IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry) Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : IJFAC (Indonesian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Chemistry)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study aims to perform green synthesis of Ag/CeO2 nanocomposites using noni leaf extract and to test their potential antibacterial activity. The synthesis results were characterised using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) to determine crystallite size, Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to observe morphology and elemental composition, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups. The XRD characterization results showed the formation of typical Ag/CeO2 peaks with an average crystallite size of 15,28 nm. SEM analysis revealed morphology in the form of aggregates with varying sizes. EDX results confirmed the presence of Ag, Ce, and O elements. FTIR analysis showed the presence of typical Ce–O group absorption bands, which supports the successful synthesis of Ag/CeO2. The synthesized nanocomposites were then tested for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Antibacterial activity tests showed the formation of an 8 mm zone of inhibition (ZOI) at a concentration of 5000 ppm, demonstrating the potential of the synthesized green Ag/CeO2 as an antibacterial agent. This study confirms that the use of noni leaf extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent is an environmentally friendly approach and has potential for environmental applications.
Co-Authors Laellia Denada Oka Yana Afrizki Poedji Loekitowati Hariani