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All Journal Jurnal IUS (Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan) Acta Law Journal KANUN: JURNAL ILMU HUKUM
Duma Indah Sari Lubis
Faculty of Law, Universitas Prima Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Cyber Notary as a Legal Infrastructure within the Digital Corporate Legal System Based on Ius Integrum Nusantara Ikhsan Lubis; Hermawati Parinduri; Duma Indah Sari Lubis; Andi Hakim Lubis
Acta Law Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Talenta Publisher, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/alj.v4i2.25505

Abstract

The rapid transformation of corporate legal activities into digital ecosystems has created new challenges for Indonesian corporate law, particularly concerning the authenticity of electronic documents, legal certainty of digital corporate actions, accountability of electronic transactions, and protection of parties involved in corporate decision-making. Although Indonesian law has recognized electronic transactions, electronic signatures, and certain forms of digital corporate governance, the position of cyber notary remains normatively limited and has not yet been reconstructed as a comprehensive legal infrastructure for digital corporations. This article aims to analyze the position and function of cyber notary in Indonesia’s digital corporate legal system and to reconstruct its role through the Ius Integrum Nusantara approach. This study uses normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches by examining notarial law, corporate law, electronic transaction law, personal data protection law, and relevant academic literature. The article finds that cyber notary should not be understood merely as a technological extension of notarial services, but as a legal infrastructure that integrates digital identity verification, electronic signatures, electronic deeds, data security, evidentiary certainty, and professional accountability. Through the Ius Integrum Nusantara approach, cyber notary can be reconstructed as an integrative legal mechanism that balances technological efficiency with substantive justice, protection of rights, professional ethics, and social legitimacy. The article concludes that Indonesia needs comprehensive regulatory reform to recognize electronic notarial mechanisms, digital protocols, secure deed storage, and institutional supervision in order to build a digital corporate legal system that is legally certain, accountable, inclusive, and socially trusted.
Reconstructing Restorative Justice Through Customary Criminal Law In Indonesia’s Juvenile Justice System Adi Mansar; Rai Rake Setyawan Rai Rake Setyawan; Vania Micha Dwilizadi Vania Micha Dwilizadi; Duma Indah Sari Lubis; Asrul Azwar Siagian Asrul Azwar Siagian
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan
Publisher : Magister of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/ius.v14i2.2048

Abstract

Indonesia has formally adopted restorative justice for children in conflict with the law, yet diversion continues to operate largely as a procedural device for terminating proceedings rather than as a mechanism of substantive restoration. Existing scholarship has examined diversion and customary dispute settlement as two separate fields, leaving unresolved the prior conceptual question of what may legitimately be transferred from customary criminal law into the state system. This study addresses that gap by arguing that integration should concern restorative values and deliberative mechanisms, not customary sanctions or the wholesale transplantation of customary norms. Employing normative legal research that combines statutory, conceptual, legal-anthropological and comparative approaches, the study analyses the philosophical, constitutional and sociological foundations of restorative justice for children, evaluates customary criminal law as a manifestation of living law, and compares Indonesian practice with indigenous-informed juvenile justice in New Zealand, Canada, Australia and South Africa. The study finds substantive convergence between customary settlement and restorative justice, but also identifies three risks that the literature has under-examined: the ceremonial capture of customary forums, asymmetries of bargaining power affecting victims and children, and the absence of enforceable procedural minima. Its principal contribution is the Integrated Customary Restorative Justice Model (ICRJM), a three-pillar and five-stage framework that subjects customary participation to normative verification, ratification and post-agreement monitoring. Theoretically, the model advances a living law-based account of restorative justice in which social legitimacy is treated as a condition, and not merely a correlate, of restorative effectiveness.
REFRAMING RELIGIOUS OFFENCES IN INDONESIA: HATE SPEECH, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND IUS INTEGRUM NUSANTARA Ikhsan Lubis; Hermawati Parinduri; Duma Indah Sari Lubis; Andi Hakim Lubis
KANUN:JURNAL ILMU HUKUM Vol. 28 No. 2: August 2026: Constitutional Law and Global Development
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/kjih.v28i2.1351

Abstract

Indonesia’s new Criminal Code entered into force together with the 2026 Penal Adjustment Law, materially altering the architecture of religious offences. Article 300 now directs hostility, hatred, and incitement provisions toward persons or groups on religious or belief grounds rather than religion as an abstract object. Yet the reform remains internally uneven: the first two limbs of Article 300 do not expressly require advocacy, a specific intent to incite, or a demonstrable risk of harm; Article 301 extends the offence to public dissemination, including through information technology; and the transitional replacement of the former Electronic Information and Transactions Law hate speech provision points to Article 243, even though the amended Article 243 no longer includes religion or belief. Using a doctrinal-reconstructive method, this article maps that legal succession, tests the new provisions against the 1945 Constitution, Constitutional Court Decision No. 105/PUU-XXII/2024, the ICCPR, and the Rabat Plan of Action, and translates Ius Integrum Nusantara from an emerging agrarian reform vocabulary into a bounded method of criminal-law reconstruction. Its contribution is an operational six gate test-target, advocacy, intent, context and capacity, real risk, and proportionality supported by a model statutory clause and worked applications. The article concludes that the reform has redirected the statutory object of protection toward religiously identified persons and groups, but that Articles 300 and 301 still require a uniform incitement threshold, express safeguards for protected expression, and criminal law as ultima ratio. 
Co-Authors Adi Mansar Andi Hakim Lubis Andi Hakim Lubis Asrul Azwar Siagian Asrul Azwar Siagian Hermawati Parinduri Hermawati Parinduri Ikhsan Lubis Ikhsan Lubis Rai Rake Setyawan Rai Rake Setyawan Vania Micha Dwilizadi Vania Micha Dwilizadi