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All Journal Nizham Journal of Islamic Studies
Siti Zumrotus Saadah
STAINU Kotabumi
Religion Education

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Contemporary Ijtihad: History, Implementation Methods, and Challenges in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Siti Zumrotus Saadah
Nizham Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 14 No 01 (2026): Nizham: Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : Pascasarjana IAIN Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/rth9xd97

Abstract

This study aims to examine contemporary ijtihad by tracing its historical continuity within the tradition of usul al-fiqh, formulating its methodological implementation in the era of Artificial Intelligence, and identifying the epistemological, social, and ethical challenges that emerge when AI enters the domain of Islamic legal reasoning and fatwa production. This research uses a qualitative approach with a limited normative-empirical Islamic legal study. The normative dimension analyzes classical and contemporary sources of usul al-fiqh, maqasid al-shariah, and ijtihad, while the limited empirical dimension captures expert perspectives on the role of AI as an assistive tool rather than an autonomous legal authority. The findings show that contemporary ijtihad is not a rupture from classical tradition, but a continuation of Islamic legal reasoning that integrates textual evidence, reason, maqasid, and social reality. AI can support ijtihad by accelerating legal source retrieval, mapping madhhab differences, comparing arguments, and simulating legal impacts. The study concludes that AI should be positioned within a “digitally supervised ijtihad” model, where technological efficiency remains controlled by scholars, fatwa institutions, domain experts, and ethical-algorithmic audit mechanisms to preserve legal validity, public benefit, and Islamic scholarly responsibility.
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