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All Journal Public Health of Indonesia Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Arlinda Sari Wahyuni
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
Religion Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences

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Factors Associated with Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection of Household Contacts with Drug-Sensitive Tuberculosis Patients in Medan Rina Sundari; Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga; Delores Elisabeth Sormin; Arlinda Sari Wahyuni
Public Health of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): April - June
Publisher : YCAB Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/phi.v12i2.1468

Abstract

Background: Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) has the potential to develop into active TB. Therefore, appropriate diagnosis and management are essential, especially in high-risk populations such as individuals who are in household contact with active TB patients. Objectives: To analyze the factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in household contacts with drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients in Medan Methods: This research is an observational analytical with a cross-sectional design conducted in several health facilities in Medan for 4 months. This study included 105 household contacts from 67 index cases who were diagnosed with drug-sensitive TB, confirmed by Xpert MTB/RIF examination. Statistical analysis used the Chi-Square test with a p-value <0.05 were considered significant. The study used odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals to analyze how associated factors are linked to TB infection. Results: Among 105 household contacts with drug-sensitive TB patients, 31 people (29.6%) had latent TB infection, and 11 people (10.5%) had pulmonary TB infection. In bivariate analysis we found that the variable associated with pulmonary TB was alcohol consumption (OR 20.6677; CI 95% 1.703-250.782; p=0.028). In household contacts with TB patients, no statistically significant factors associated with latent TB infection were found (p>0.05). Conclusion: In household contacts with drug-sensitive TB patients, alcohol consumption are 20.667 times more at risk of experiencing pulmonary TB than those who do not consume alcohol. However, no significant associated factors for latent TB infection were found.
Comparison of Sensitivity and Specificity between Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA) for Latent TB Infection (LTBI) in Household Contacts of Drug-Sensitive TB Patients in Medan Rina Sundari; Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga; Delores Elisabeth Sormin; Arlinda Sari Wahyuni
Jurnal Impresi Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025): Jurnal Impresi Indonesia
Publisher : Riviera Publishing

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58344/jii.v4i8.6926

Abstract

Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) is a condition characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms of active disease, yet it carries the risk of progressing to active tuberculosis (TB), particularly within the first two years following infection. The diagnosis of LTBI relies on immunological tests, such as the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) and Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRA), each with its own strengths and limitations. To compare the sensitivity and specificity of TST and IGRA in the diagnosis of LTBI in household contacts of drug-sensitive TB patients in Medan. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 105 subjects who were household contacts of drug-sensitive TB patients. All subjects underwent chest X-ray, TST, IGRA, and Xpert MTB/RIF examination when indicated. Data were statistically analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Among 105 participants, 93 did not have pulmonary TB. Of 93 subjects, 24.7% tested positive by TST and 32.3% by IGRA. TST's calculated sensitivity and specificity compared to IGRA were 76.7% and 63.5%, respectively. TST demonstrates lower sensitivity and specificity than IGRA in diagnosing LTBI. However, TST remains a valuable screening tool, particularly in resource-limited settings.
Co-Authors Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga Bintang Yinke Magdalena Sinaga Delores Elisabeth Sormin Delores Elisabeth Sormin Rina Sundari Rina Sundari