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All Journal Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal) Journal of Law and Social Politics Integralistik
Nabitatus Sa’adah
Universitas Diponegoro
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Social Sciences Other

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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL EVIDENCE IN E-COMMERCE DISPUTE LITIGATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA Febrina Artia Putri; Nabitatus Sa’adah
Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue (MORFAI) Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026): Multidiciplinary Output Research For Actual and International Issue
Publisher : RADJA PUBLIKA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20749556

Abstract

The development of digital commerce, while offering convenience and positive impacts, also has the potential to trigger legal disputes between related parties. In the litigation process of digital commerce, digitally presented evidence such as emails, instant messages, and electronic payment records becomes crucial in proving the truth of a legal event. This article specifically examines the effectiveness of electronic evidence in resolving digital trade disputes in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical approach, this study finds that although digital evidence is recognized under the Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE) Law, its implementation still faces several challenges in terms of validity and integrity. Therefore, strengthening regulations, increasing public awareness, and enhancing the capacity of competent law enforcement officials are essential to ensure justice and effectiveness in resolving digital commerce disputes.
Penguatan Perlindungan Hukum Pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara melalui Rekonstruksi Banding Adminsitrasi Ahmad Aniq; Yos Johan Utama; Nabitatus Sa’adah
Integralistik Vol. 37 No. 1 (2026): Januari :2026
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/integralistik.v37i1.35371

Abstract

Administrative appeals as an administrative effort by State Civil Apparatus (ASN) employees who are dissatisfied with the decision to dismiss employees are questioned as to their usefulness in providing legal protection to civil apparatus. This study aims to reveal the construction of an administrative appeal format for the decision to dismiss or terminate the employment of State Civil Apparatus employees that provides more legal protection for ASN employees. Administrative appeals are not merely additional formal requirements before a dispute is examined by a state administrative court but it is truly substantive in its testing and its decision is fully respected. This study is a normative-empirical study that begins with a normative analysis of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials based on a conceptual approach and statutory regulations. Then, It uses a sociological approach to obtain primary data through observation and data collection from informants. The desired result is to provide a prescription for the ideal formulation of legal protection for ASN employees through administrative appeals. The results of the study indicate that in order for administrative appeals to truly provide protection for ASN employees from arbitrary actions by officials, several improvements are needed, namely increasing the composition of BPASN members, examining disputes from a material perspective rather than just a formal examination, clarifying the procedural rules so that ASN employees feel transparent about the resolution and ensuring that administrative decision is complied with and implemented.
Standard Inpatient Class Financing from the Perspective of Equity and Financial Sustainability Azhar Jaya; Retno Saraswati; Nabitatus Sa’adah; Syifa Ulhadira
Journal of Law and Social Politics Vol. 4 No. 4 (2026): Journal of Law and Social Politics
Publisher : Politeknik Siber Cerdika Internasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59261/jlsp.v4i4.284

Abstract

Background: The implementation of the Standard Inpatient Class (Kelas Rawat Inap Standar/KRIS) under Presidential Regulation No. 59 of 2024 represents a major reform of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance (JKN) system aimed at improving equity in inpatient healthcare services. However, challenges remain, including disparities in hospital readiness, persistent variations in service delivery, and concerns regarding the long-term financial sustainability of the health financing system. Objective: This study aims to examine KRIS financing from the perspectives of equity and financial sustainability and to propose a financing model that balances these two principles. Methods: This normative legal study employed statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The analysis was supported by policy evidence, including data on National Health Insurance Fund performance, hospital readiness, and compliance with KRIS service standards. A functional comparison was conducted with Germany’s social health insurance system and tax-funded financing models, focusing on risk pooling, entitlement, strategic purchasing, and fiscal responsibility. Results: The findings indicate that KRIS has not yet fully achieved substantive equity because access to standardized inpatient services remains influenced by differences in hospital capacity and readiness. Moreover, the infrastructure requirements associated with KRIS place additional financial pressure on the sustainability of health financing. This study proposes the Single Standard Inpatient Financing Model, which integrates ability-to-pay principles, need-based benefits, national risk pooling, strategic purchasing, and shared fiscal responsibility. Conclusion: The proposed model positions the Single Standard Inpatient Class as the foundation for equitable inpatient healthcare delivery by improving access, financing efficiency, and the long-term sustainability of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance system.
Co-Authors Ahmad Aniq Azhar Jaya Febrina Artia Putri Retno Saraswati Syifa Ulhadira Yos Johan Utama