Irma Maulida
Swadaya Gunung Jati University, Cirebon

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Legal Protection Regarding Losses Due To Default In Business Agreements In Office Stationery Companies Silfiyah Silfiyah; Irma Maulida
Jurnal Legisci Vol 3 No 5 (2026): Vol 3 No 5 April 2026
Publisher : Ann Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62885/legisci.v3i5.1194

Abstract

Background. This research examines the problem of default in business agreements at office stationery companies, particularly violations of contract clauses such as late delivery, non-compliance with goods, and violations of distribution area exclusivity. Aims. The main issues studied are forms of default and legal protection mechanisms for injured parties. This research aims to comprehensively analyze forms of default and legal protection efforts that can be taken in business practices. Methods. The method used is a normative juridical approach combined with an empirical approach through case studies. Data was obtained from statutory regulations, literature, and field data through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively using descriptive-analytical methods. Result. The research results show that default occurs in various forms, namely non-fulfillment of obligations, delays in implementation, non-performance, and violations of exclusivity clauses. The impacts include material and immaterial losses, including decreased sales and loss of consumer confidence. Conclusion. Legal protection can be achieved through non-litigation or litigation, such as negotiation, mediation, and compensation claims. Implementation. However, implementation has not been optimal due to weaknesses in contract preparation. Therefore, clearer contracts, strict sanctions and effective dispute resolution mechanisms are needed to ensure legal certainty and the continuity of business relationships.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR STUDENTS AS VICTIMS OF BULLYING : (CASE STUDY AT SD MEKAR REGENCY, CIREBON) Rifqi Muhammad Zidan; Irma Maulida
Hukum Responsif Vol 18 No 1 (2027): Vol 18 No 1 February 2027
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/responsif.v18i1.12473

Abstract

Background. Bullying in elementary schools remains a significant challenge that threatens children's rights, psychological well-being, and educational development. Aims. This study examines the implementation of legal protection for students who are victims of bullying at SD Mekar, Cirebon Regency, and identifies the challenges encountered in its implementation. Methods. An empirical legal research design was employed using empirical and psychological approaches. Primary data were collected through interviews with officials from the Cirebon Regency Education Office, school principals, teachers, and parents, while secondary data were obtained from legislation, legal literature, and relevant scholarly publications. Result. The findings reveal that legal protection has been implemented through both preventive and repressive measures. Preventive strategies include character education, teacher supervision, religious and moral development activities, anti-bullying awareness, and collaboration between schools and parents. Repressive measures involve receiving and investigating complaints, mediation, psychological support for victims, behavioral guidance for perpetrators, and coordination with relevant authorities, including the Education Office. These measures are grounded in Article 28B(2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, Law No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System, and related educational regulations. Conclusion. The study concludes that effective legal protection requires stronger collaboration among schools, families, government agencies, and the wider community to foster a safe, inclusive, and child-friendly educational environment while strengthening preventive and responsive mechanisms against bullying. Implication.