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All Journal Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Gunung Djati Conference Series Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Muhammad Azrai
Hasanuddin University
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Evaluasi dan Karakterisasi Galur Jagung Hasil Persilangan Multiple Cross Generasi S6: Evaluation and Characterization of Corn Lines Resulting from Multiple Crossing of the S6 Generation Muh. Farid; Muhammad Azrai; Muhammad Fuad Anshori; Roy Efendy; Karlina Syahruddin; Amin Nur; Jekvy Hendra
Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/rgh1k826

Abstract

Jagung merupakan komoditas yang banyak memberikan kontribusi dalam penyediaan bahan pangan. Untuk menutupi kebutuhan industri setiap tahunnya yang juga dipengaruhi oleh meningkatnya daya beli masyarakat, perlu dilakukan peningkatan produktivitas melalui pemanfaatan galur inbrida unggul melalui persilangan multiple cross. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh galur jagung hasil persilangan multiple cross dengan potensi produksi tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di BRMP Serealia, Maros, Sulawesi Selatan dengan titik koordinat 4°59'09.0"S 119°34'34.6"E. yang dimulai pada bulan Juni sampai September 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan bersekat (Augmented Design)  dengan 40 genotipe hasil persilangan multiple cross dengan 4 blok. Hasil sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan genotipe berpengaruh signifikan pada beberapa karakter. Galur hasil persilangan multiple cross memiliki potensi hasil paling tinggi berdasarkan sidik ragam adalah G23.3 Terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif di antara 40 galur jagung hasil persilangan multiple cross. Corn is a commodity that contributes significantly to the supply of food. To meet annual industrial needs, which are also influenced by rising purchasing power, productivity needs to be increased by using superior inbred lines through multiple crosses. This study aims to obtain corn lines resulting from multiple crosses with high production potential. The study was conducted at BRMP Serealia, Maros, South Sulawesi, at coordinates 4°59'09.0"S 119°34'34.6"E, from June to September 2025. This study used an Augmented Design design with 40 genotypes resulting from multiple crosses in four blocks. The analysis of variance results showed that genotype treatment significantly affected several traits. The line with the highest yield potential, based on analysis of variance, was G23.3. There were significant differences in qualitative and quantitative traits among the 40 maize lines resulting from multiple crosses.  
EVALUATION OF YIELD PERFORMANCE, ADAPTABILITY, AND DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE OF HYBRID MAIZE CANDIDATE BAY233 ACROSS DIVERSE ENVIRONMENT IN INDONESIA Eko Budi Andriyanto; Muhammad Azrai
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 66 (2026): The International Conference on Perennial Crops 2026
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/gdcs.v66i.3385

Abstract

The development of high-yielding and well-adapted maize hybrids is essential for ensuring the sustainability of maize production in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate yield performance, adaptability, stability and downy mildew resistance of the hybrid candidate BAY233 across different agroecological environments. Multilocation trials were conducted during 2023-2024 planting season at ten testing locations representing major maize-production regions in Indonesia. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replications. BAY233 evaluated alongside with BAY234 and two commercial check varieties, BISI959 and NK7328. Yield performance was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), while genotype x environment (GxE) interaction and stability were assessed using the Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) model. Resistance to downy mildew was evaluated through artificial inoculation using Peronosclerospora philippinensis and P. maydis. BAY233 produced grain yields ranging from 8.43 to 12.40 t ha⁻¹ across test locations. Although its stability was slightly lower than that of BAY234 but still categorized as promising hybrid due to its performance. BAY233 demonstrated superior yield performance and broad adaptability. Furthermore, BAY233 exhibited strong resistance to downy mildew, as indicated by its low incidence under artificial inoculation test. These findings suggest that BAY233 is a promising hybrid candidate for commercial release and cultivation in Indonesia owning to its high yield potential, broad adaptability, and disease resistance.
EVALUATION OF TOLERANCE OF 88 F1 CORN GENOTYPES IN ACIDIC DRY SOIL STRESS IN MONCONGLOE, MAROS BASED ON MORPHOPHYSIOLOGICAL MARKERS Muhammad Rifki Aulia; Rusnadi Padjung; Muhammad Azrai
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 66 (2026): The International Conference on Perennial Crops 2026
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/gdcs.v66i.3389

Abstract

This research was conducted at the Hasanuddin University experimental farm, Moncongloe District, Maros Regency, South Sulawesi with two main objectives: (1) to determine the effect of acidic dry soil stress on genetic diversity and heritability values ​​of agronomic traits of corn plants and (2) to characterize candidate hybrids tolerant to acidic dry soil stress based on the production response of corn genotypes .Method: this study used 88 genotypes with a randomized block design adopted as an experimental design. The parameters in this study were: soil chemical properties, observation of plant characteristics, and analysis of stress tolerance index. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that: (1) dry acidic soil stress has an effect on the phenotype and low to moderate values ​​on the heritability of plants with the characters of 10 cob weight, cob length, and productivity having relatively higher values ​​than other characters. (2) Genotypes G62 and G86 occupy the intersection between high yields under optimum conditions (Yp), high yields on acid soils (Ys), and high STI values. Both genotypes are capable of maintaining high yields, namely 8.8–9.0 t ha⁻¹ at optimum conditions and 7.5 t ha⁻1 on acid soils. These characteristics reflect the ideal profile in breeding corn tolerant to acid soils.
GENETIC DIVERSITY, HERITABILITY, TRAIT CORRELATION OF HYBRID MAIZE EVALUATED IN TWO CONTRASTING TOPOLOGIES A. M. Aditya Wardana; Muhammad Azrai; Cri Wahyuni Brahmi Yanti; Roy Effendi; Slamet Bambang Priyanto
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 66 (2026): The International Conference on Perennial Crops 2026
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/gdcs.v66i.3409

Abstract

Genetic diversity, heritability, and trait relationships are essential parameters for identifying selection criteria and improving maize productivity across diverse growing environments. This study aimed to evaluate genetic diversity, broad-sense heritability, and correlations among agronomic and yield-related traits of hybrid maize cultivated under two contrasting topologies. Field experiments were conducted using hybrid maize genotypes, and data were analyzed through variance component estimation, heritability analysis, and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results showed that phenotypic variance was generally greater than genotypic variance for most traits, indicating a considerable contribution of environmental factors to trait expression. High heritability values were observed for ear height, leaf width, number of kernels per ear, ear length, ear diameter, and shelling percentage, whereas leaf length, moisture content, kernel row number, and thousand-kernel weight exhibited moderate heritability. All observed traits displayed narrow genetic variability, suggesting limited genetic divergence among the evaluated hybrids. Grain yield was positively associated with fresh ear weight, ear length, ear diameter, number of kernels per ear, leaf length, and stem diameter, while flowering time and several vegetative traits tended to show negative associations with yield. Fresh ear weight showed the strongest relationship with grain yield, indicating its importance as a yield-related trait. These findings demonstrate that ear-related characters can be used as reliable indirect selection criteria for yield improvement in hybrid maize.
NUTRIENT CULTURE TECHNIQUES FOR EARLY SELECTION OF FE STRESS TOLERANCE IN MAIZE GROWN ON ACID SULFATE SOIL WITHIN TIDAL SWAMPS Suwarti Suwarti; Munif Ghulamahdi; Trikosoemaningtyas Trikosoemaningtyas; Didy Sopandie; Muhammad Azrai; Rubi Heryanto
Jurnal Agrotek Tropika Vol. 14 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL AGROTEK TROPIKA VOL 14, FEBRUARI 2026
Publisher : Departement of Agrotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jat.v14i1.9434

Abstract

Nutrient culture is one of the screening methods used in the seedling stage of maize to select plants that are iron-tolerant to acid-sulfate soil in a tidal swamp land breeding program. This experiment was carried out to confirm the association between parameters seen in nutrient culture tests and the tolerance-adaptability level of maize in acid sulfate soil tidal swamps based on grain production and to estimate the effective threshold dose of Fe stress. The primary factor comprised six levels of Fe stress: 0 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 400 mg/L, 600 mg/L, and 800 mg/L. The secondary factor involved 10 maize genotypes, including P27, Mpop\_18-02-1, MPop27-08-1, Sukmaraga, PAC2245-3-1-1-2-8B-B, C\_31-1-B-2, B11-209-3, G\_3013631, G\_102612-1, and Advanta77. The findings from research conducted using 180 experimental units demonstrated that a concentration of 400 mg/L was the optimal choice for selecting maize plants that exhibited tolerance to iron (Fe) stress in a nutrient culture experiment. The extent of leaf bronzing was found to be highly correlated with other observational characteristics, making it a reliable indicator of the tolerance level of maize plants to Fe stress. The nutrient culture method was deemed applicable as a rapid selection technique for maize plants that exhibited tolerance to environmental stress in acid-sulfate soil tidal swamps.
Co-Authors A. M. Aditya Wardana Amin Nur Cri Wahyuni Brahmi Yanti Didy Sopandie Eko Budi Andriyanto Jekvy Hendra Karlina Syahruddin Muh. Farid Muhammad Fuad Anshori Muhammad Rifki Aulia Munif Ghulamahdi Roy Efendy Roy Effendi Rubi Heryanto Rusnadi Padjung Slamet Bambang Priyanto Suwarti Suwarti Trikosoemaningtyas Trikosoemaningtyas