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All Journal Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga (JPJO) Jambura Health and Sport Journal
Filda Syafira Razanah
Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Education Health Professions

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Perbedaan Mental Toughness Ditinjau dari Posisi Bermain, Level Prestasi, dan Jenis Kelamin pada Atlet Voli Filda Syafira Razanah; Miftahkhul Jannah; Damajanti Kusuma Dewi
Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga (JPJO) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/xn6srv88

Abstract

This study aimed to examine differences in mental toughness among volleyball athletes based on playing position, performance level, and gender. The study employed a quantitative approach with a descriptive comparative design and a cross-sectional method. The sample consisted of volleyball athletes from the Bina Bola Voli (BBV) Club in Surabaya, representing regional, provincial, national, and international levels. Data were collected using the Mental Toughness Index (MTI) and analyzed using a three-way ANOVA. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in mental toughness based on playing position, performance level, or gender, either partially or through their interactions. These findings suggest that mental toughness among volleyball athletes is relatively similar across groups and is more strongly influenced by individual experience and the ability to manage competitive pressure. The results of this study are expected to provide a basis for the development of more individualized and contextual mental training programs for volleyball athletes. Keywords: Volleyball Athletes, Gender, Performance Level, Mental Toughness, Playing Position
MENTAL TOUGHNESS IN VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES: ANALYSIS BY PLAYING POSITION, ACHIEVEMENT LEVEL, AND GENDER Filda Syafira Razanah; Miftakhul Jannah; Damajanti Kusuma Dewi
Jambura Health and Sport Journal Vol 8, No 2 (2026): Agustus
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37311/jhsj.v8i2.39168

Abstract

This study aims to analyze differences in mental toughness among volleyball athletes based on playing position, performance achievement level, and gender, including the interactions among these factors. A quantitative approach with a descriptive-comparative and cross-sectional design was employed. The sample consisted of 320 male and female volleyball athletes in East Java, selected using purposive sampling. Mental toughness was measured using the Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI) with a four-point Likert scale, comprising 24 valid items with high reliability (Cronbach’s α = 0.967). Data were analyzed using a Three-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) after meeting the assumption of homogeneity of variance. The results showed no significant main effects of performance achievement level (p = 0.592), gender (p = 0.179), or playing position (p = 0.094) on mental toughness. The interactions between performance achievement level and gender, performance achievement level and playing position, gender and playing position, as well as the three-way interaction were also non-significant, with all eta-squared values falling within the very small effect category (Cohen, 1988). These findings indicate that mental toughness levels among the volleyball athletes in this study were relatively similar across performance achievement level, gender, and playing position, with no evidence of significant interactions among these three characteristics.
Co-Authors Damajanti Kusuma Dewi Miftahkhul Jannah Miftakhul Jannah