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The Effectiveness of Virtual Laboratories in Enhancing Students' Science Process Skills: A Literature Review Fadillah Deswita Sari; Hayatun Novi Aulia; Lindawati Lindawati; Gunawan Gunawan; Nina Nisrina
Indonesian Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67434/ijast.v7i1.2521

Abstract

Virtual laboratories have emerged as a prominent technological intervention in science education. However, a comprehensive synthesis that systematically analyzes their effectiveness across diverse science process skills (SPS) indicators and educational levels remains limited. This study addresses this gap by evaluating the effectiveness of virtual laboratories in enhancing students' SPS through a systematic literature review. Data were compiled from 16 national and international peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025. The articles were selected based on rigorous inclusion criteria regarding relevance to virtual laboratory interventions and SPS measurements. A qualitative descriptive approach utilizing thematic synthesis was employed to analyze patterns and key findings across the selected literature. The findings demonstrate that virtual laboratories consistently improve various SPS indicators, particularly observing, classifying, predicting, data interpreting, and concluding. Moreover, their efficacy is significantly maximized when integrated with inquiry-based instructional designs, such as guided inquiry and discovery learning. Beyond serving as a practical alternative, virtual laboratories offer critical flexibility, efficiency, and accessibility, functioning as an essential complement to conventional hands-on laboratories in modern science education.
Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Laboratorium Virtual PhET Energy Skate Park pada Pembelajaran Fisika Kelas X di MAN 1 Mataram Hayatun Novi Aulia; Fadillah Deswita Sari; Lindawati Lindawati; Gunawan Gunawan; Nina Nisrina
Indonesian Journal of Education and Community Services Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Edisi Januari-Juni 2026
Publisher : Indonesian Publication Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.67434/ijecs.v6i1.2561

Abstract

Physics learning is often considered difficult by students because it contains many abstract concepts and complex formulas, especially in the topic of work and energy. One effort to help students understand these concepts is through the utilization of virtual laboratories based on PhET (Physics Education Technology) interactive simulations. This community service activity aimed to assist tenth-grade students of MAN 1 Mataram in utilizing the PhET Energy Skate Park virtual laboratory in physics learning. The method used was learning assistance through group discussions supported by student worksheets (LKPD) based on virtual simulations. The activity began with an introduction to the PhET simulation, followed by virtual practicum activities using LKPD and evaluation through observation of student activities and group discussion results. The results showed that students were able to use the PhET simulation effectively and demonstrated high enthusiasm throughout the learning process. The virtual simulation helped students understand the relationship between kinetic energy, potential energy, and mechanical energy through interactive visualization. In addition, the activity increased student engagement in group discussions and learning activities. Therefore, the utilization of the PhET Energy Skate Park virtual laboratory can serve as an effective alternative learning medium to support physics learning on the topic of work and energy.