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All Journal Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA
Ibnu Agus Ariyanto
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Optimization of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Induction in Rattus norvegicus using Estradiol Benzoate: A Preliminary Study Dariatul Janah; Andi Yasmon; Ibnu Agus Ariyanto
Biomedical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): Vol 12, No 2, 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32539/bji.v12i2.345

Abstract

Introduction. Approximately 75% of women of reproductive age have opportunistic vaginal infection with Candida albicans at least once in their lifetime, which is known as vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). The increasing global prevalence and emergence of antifungal agents underscore the importance of research into effective prevention and treatment. In vivo studies using rats are commonly conducted, as they provide valuable knowledge on reproductive diseases in humans such as VVC. Methods. Pseudoestrus was induced in wistar rats by subcutaneous injection of estradiol benzoate at doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/rat/week. Cytologic observation using vaginal smear staining is used to detect cornified epithelial cells and leukocytes. VVC was induced by intravaginal administration of Candida albicans ATCC10231 (0.5 and 1.0 McFarland) daily for 5 consecutive days. VVC confirmation by microscopic detection of Candida albicans pseudohyphae from vaginal swabs, supported by viability testing of vaginal lavage cultures. Results. Pseudoestrus induction was optimal at a dose of 0.2 mg/rat/week, as both animals were maintained in this phase for 3 consecutive days. Furthermore, an inoculum of 1.3×107 CFU/mL (McFarland standard 1.0) administered for 5 days successfully induced VVC in both animals. Microscopic confirmation revealed intracellular pseudohyphae, supported by the growth of viable Candida albicans from vaginal lavage cultures. Conclusion. The optimal estradiol benzoate protocol for pseudoestrus induction was 0.2 mg/rat/week, and pseudoestrus was maintained for 3 days without ovariectomy. The optimal VVC rat model was established using intravaginal Candida albicans at 1.3×107 CFU/mL for 5 days, with viability from lavage cultures of 1.3×102 CFU/mL and 0.3×102 CFU/mL.
Molecular Viability Assay: Improving Leprosy Diagnosis beyond Current Gold Standard Clara Imaniar; Ibnu Agus Ariyanto; Yeva Rosana
EKSAKTA: Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA Vol. 26 No. 04 (2025): Eksakta : Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA (E-ISSN : 2549-7464)
Publisher : Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences (FMIPA), Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/eksakta/vol26-iss04/568

Abstract

Neglected tropical diseases are still part of the health problems faced by the world. One of the neglected tropical diseases that has not yet reached 100% elimination is leprosy. Mycobacterium leprae is the pathogen responsible for leprosy, a chronic infectious disease that affects the skin and peripheral nerves and can lead to significant disability if left untreated. Currently, the gold standard for diagnosis is detecting acid-fast bacilli (AFB) with Ziehl-Neelsen staining; however, this method cannot distinguish between living and dead bacteria, complicating treatment assessment, relapse detection, and resistance tracking. Therefore, more accurate diagnostic instruments that can differentiate bacterial viability are needed. Since M.leprae cannot be cultured in artificial media, molecular-based assays are promising tools for rapid diagnosis. This study aims to identify recent assays for assessing bacterial viability in leprosy. Articles used are limited to the publication year between 2019 until 2024 from databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus and Google Scholar, using PRISMA methods. After filtration, from 143 articles we found 5 articles that discussed the viability of leprosy-causing bacteria. The selected studies showed that molecular assays to determine bacterial viability can be used and explored to strengthen the existing gold standard for monitoring treatment of leprosy patients
Co-Authors Andi Yasmon Clara Imaniar Dariatul Janah Yeva Rosana