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All Journal AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)
Sani Sani
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science

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Hydrolysis of Banana Stems with Sulfuric Acid Catalyst Muhammad Dhafa Putra Alansyah; Caecilia Pujiastuti; Sani Sani; Suprihatin Suprihatin
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1141

Abstract

Banana stems are agricultural waste with high lignocellulose content, making them a potential raw material for glucose production. This study aimed to determine the effect of sulfuric acid (H?SO?) concentration and hydrolysis time on the resulting glucose content. Prior to hydrolysis, delignification was performed using a 15% hydrogen peroxide (H?O?) solution. Hydrolysis was conducted at 100°C, varying H?SO? concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9%) and hydrolysis times (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes). The hydrolysis products were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, while the hydrolysate was analyzed using a refractometer to determine total solids (°Brix) as an estimate of sugar content. The results indicated that increasing both hydrolysis time and H?SO? concentration generally led to higher glucose yields. The highest glucose content, 15.2%, was achieved at an H?SO? concentration of 7% with a hydrolysis time of 20 minutes. Further increases in acid concentration or hydrolysis time did not result in higher estimated glucose levels, likely due to glucose degradation. The findings demonstrate that H?SO? concentration and hydrolysis time play a crucial role in the conversion of cellulose to glucose, highlighting the potential of banana stems as an alternative raw material for glucose production. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 2: Zero HungerSDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 15: Life on Land
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Using Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Modified Andrographis paniculata Leaf Extract for Mercury (Hg2+) Colorimetric Sensing Arah Guntur Guntur; Akmalia Dinda Oktavianta Oktavianta; Ketut Sumada; Sani Sani; Caecilia Pujiastuti
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i3.1156

Abstract

Mercury (Hg2+) contamination is a serious environmental issue due to its toxicity and persistence. This study reports the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Andrographis paniculata leaf extract with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a capping agent, and evaluates their application as a colorimetric sensor for Hg2+. detection. AgNPs were synthesized using varying AgNO3 (0.5–2.5 mM) and PVA (0.1–1.0%) concentrations and characterized by FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopy. FTIR confirmed functional groups involved in the reduction of Ag+ to Ag0, while UV–Vis spectra showed LSPR peaks at 411–448.5 nm, indicating successful nanoparticle formation. The optimum condition was obtained at 2 mM AgNO3 and 0.4% PVA, with a maximum absorbance of 0.710 at 435.5 nm. The AgNPs exhibited a clear colorimetric response to Hg2+, changing from yellowish-brown to colorless. These results highlight the potential of A. paniculata-based AgNPs as an eco-friendly and cost-effective sensor for mercury detection.
Co-Authors Akmalia Dinda Oktavianta Oktavianta Arah Guntur Guntur Caecilia Pujiastuti Ketut Sumada Muhammad Dhafa Putra Alansyah Suprihatin Suprihatin