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Adiansyah Adiansyah
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sari Mutiara Indonesia University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media

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Phytochemical Profiling and Hemostatic Potential of Iris domestica Fruit Extract for Wound Bleeding Control Jon Kenedy Marpaung; Manuppak Irianto Tampubolon; Adiansyah Adiansyah
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 12, No 1: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus March 2026
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v12i1.8460

Abstract

Background: Uncontrolled bleeding remains a major challenge in wound care, particularly in emergency and resource-limited settings. Limitations of synthetic hemostatic agents, including high cost, side effects, and limited access, have driven interest in plant-based alternatives. Iris domestica contains bioactive metabolites with astringent and wound-healing properties. This study aimed to characterize its phytochemical constituents and assess the hemostatic activity of its fruit extract. Methodology: Phytochemical screening was conducted on powdered simplicia, ethanol extract, and solvent fractions (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and aqueous). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Hemostatic activity was assessed through in vitro clotting time and in vivo bleeding time assays in rodents, grouped into negative control (saline), positive control (standard agent), and extract-treated groups at varying concentrations. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (p < 0.05). Findings:  Phytochemical analysis showed that the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins, with no triterpenoids detected. The ethanol extract exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity, with the highest inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (12.70 mm at 250 mg/mL). Hemostatic assays revealed significantly reduced clotting and bleeding times compared to the negative control (p < 0.05), with activity comparable to the positive control, indicating strong hemostatic potential. Contributions: I. domestica fruit extract exhibits significant hemostatic activity, likely mediated by tannins via protein precipitation and vasoconstriction, with synergistic contributions from alkaloids and saponins. The inclusion of appropriate controls strengthens this evidence. These findings highlight its potential as a natural alternative to conventional hemostatic agents and warrant further bioassay-guided isolation and safety evaluation.
Physicochemical Characterization and Antibacterial Efficacy of Toothpaste Formulations Containing Arabica Coffee Husk Ethanol Extract Against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus Natanael Priltius; Raissa Fitri; Novi Anisyah Fitrianty; Tristan Halawa; Adiansyah Adiansyah
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 11, No 3: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v11i3.7970

Abstract

Background: Coffee husk, a major by-product of the coffee industry, is rich in phenolics, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine with known antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. This study evaluated Arabica coffee husk extract as an active ingredient in herbal toothpaste formulations, focusing on stability and antibacterial efficacy. Oral health problems, particularly dental caries, remain a global concern, affecting 2.3 billion people in permanent teeth and over 530 million children in primary teeth. Streptococcus mutans is the main cariogenic bacterium, while Staphylococcus aureus also contributes to oral infections. Safe, effective, and natural antimicrobial agents are urgently needed for prevention. Methodology: Arabica coffee husk powder was characterized Physicochemical according to the Indonesian Materia Medica (MMI). Toothpaste formulations containing 1%, 3%, and 5% w/w ethanol extract were prepared and tested for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, and stability over three weeks at room temperature. Stability was assessed weekly by monitoring pH, viscosity, temperature, phase separation, and color changes. Antibacterial activity against S. mutans and S. aureus was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. All treatment were conducted in triplicate (n = 3). Findings: Phytochemical evaluation confirmed compliance with MMI standards. All formulations remained stable in color, odor, and consistency, with no phase separation or microbial contamination. Antibacterial assays showed concentration-dependent inhibition:  the 5% extract (F3) produced inhibition zones of 18.2 ± 0.5 mm against S. mutans and  15.6 ± 0.7 mm against S. aureus. The negative control (without extract) showed no inhibition, while the positive control (chlorhexidine) produced clear zones. Contribution: Arabica coffee husk extract can be formulated into stable toothpaste with significant antibacterial activity, particularly against S. mutans, supporting its potential as a sustainable natural oral care agent
Phytopharmaceutical Approach in the Development of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) Ointment for Inflammation and Pain Management Raissa Fitri; Grace Anastasia Br Ginting; Fanny Asdian; Destina Karinia Siahaan; Sulistia Nurfadilla; Adiansyah Adiansyah
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 11, No 3: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v11i3.8135

Abstract

Background: Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) is a variant of Z. officinale distinguished by its elevated levels of phenolic compounds—particularly gingerols, shogaols, and zingerone—that exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Topical formulations enable localized drug delivery, reducing systemic exposure and minimizing adverse effects commonly associated with oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Methodology: Dried red ginger rhizomes were powdered and extracted with 70% ethanol via maceration. The concentrated extract was incorporated into a white soft paraffin–lanolin base to produce ointments containing 5%, 10%, and 15% w/w extract. The formulations were assessed for physicochemical stability, including organoleptic characteristics, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and homogeneity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in Wistar rats (n = 6 per group), with blank base and diclofenac sodium ointment (1% w/w) serving as negative and positive controls, respectively. Findings: All ointments exhibited stable physicochemical properties within pharmacopeial acceptance limits (pH 5.2–5.9; spreadability 5.6–6.4 cm; adhesion >1 s). In vivo, red ginger ointments significantly reduced paw edema in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). The 15% formulation achieved 60.8% inhibition (0.47 ± 0.05 mL at 5 h), comparable to diclofenac ointment (0.48 ± 0.06 mL; p = 0.71). Contribution: The study establishes that red ginger retains pharmacological activity when formulated into a topical base, confirming its potential as a stable, safe, and effective phytopharmaceutical for localized inflammation management. These findings support further preclinical and clinical studies toward its development as a natural alternative to synthetic topical NSAIDs
PVA/Chitosan Hydrogel with Piper betle Extract: Waterproof Design, Exudate Management, and Antibacterial Efficacy Against Staphylococcus aureus & Escherichia coli Manuppak Irianto Tampubolon; Natanael Priltius; Adiansyah Adiansyah
JURNAL PEMBELAJARAN DAN BIOLOGI NUKLEUS Vol 11, No 3: Jurnal Pembelajaran Dan Biologi Nukleus September 2025
Publisher : Universitas Labuhanbatu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36987/jpbn.v11i3.7908

Abstract

Background: Injuries represent a major health concern in Indonesia, with the national health survey in 2022 reporting ~9% prevalence. In 2023, >146,000 traffic accident injuries and >370,000 occupational accidents were recorded, highlighting the urgent need for affordable and effective wound care solutions, particularly in underserved areas. Methods: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–chitosan hydrogels were prepared via freeze–thaw crosslinking, incorporating Piper betle extract at 0.5%, 1%, and 2% w/w (F1–F3) alongside a control (F0). Physicochemical characterization included Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling ratio, mechanical strength, water vapor transmission rate, and water resistance. Biological performance was assessed through antimicrobial testing (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli), fibroblast cytocompatibility assays, and in vitro release studies. Each assay was conducted in triplicate (n ≥ 3), and statistical analyses applied repeated-measures ANOVA or Friedman test (p < 0.05). Results: Hydrogels exhibited waterproof integrity and high exudate absorption (>400%), maintaining a moist wound environment. Antimicrobial assays showed clear inhibition zones (~15 mm) in Piper betle –loaded formulations, significantly greater than F0. Fibroblast viability exceeded 85%, confirming good cytocompatibility. In vitro release profiles demonstrated sustained bioactive release consistent with the Higuchi model. The combination of PVA–chitosan matrix and Piper betle extract produced hydrogels with stable physicochemical properties, controlled release kinetics, and potent antimicrobial activity, while remaining biocompatible.  Contributions: These findings support the potential of PVA–chitosan/Piper betle hydrogels as cost-effective wound dressings. Their clinical applicability is particularly relevant in rural and resource-limited healthcare settings in Indonesia, where the burden of injury and demand for accessible wound care products remain high
Co-Authors Destina Karinia Siahaan Fanny Asdian Grace Anastasia Br Ginting Jon Kenedy Marpaung Manuppak Irianto Tampubolon Manuppak Irianto Tampubolon Natanael Priltius Novi Anisyah Fitrianty Raissa Fitri Sulistia Nurfadilla Tristan Halawa