Febriza Imansuri
Department of Automotive Industrial Engineering, Politeknik STMI Jakarta, Indonesia

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Improving Incubator Manufacturing Performance Through RPW-Based Line Balancing and Constraint Management Fredy Sumasto; Febriza Imansuri; Indra Rizki Pratama; Abdul Wahid Arohman; Sanurya Putri Purbaningrum
International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/ijieem.v8i1.11454

Abstract

In the regulated field of medical device manufacturing, optimizing production efficiency without compromising compliance is critical, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in resource-constrained environments. This study addresses production inefficiencies in the assembly of the TSN 89 TR neonatal incubator at PT Tesena Inovindo, an Indonesian manufacturer, by implementing an integrated improvement framework. The approach combines Lean Manufacturing for process stabilization, the Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) method for line balancing, and the Theory of Constraints (TOC) for bottleneck resolution. Time study data were collected across 30 cycles per task to ensure reliable estimates of average cycle times, based on the Central Limit Theorem. The initial production system exhibited unbalanced workloads, high idle time, and frequent work-in-process (WIP) accumulation. After reconfiguration, the number of workstations was reduced from ten to eight, the cycle time decreased by 23.8%, and daily output increased from four to six units. Line efficiency improved from 67.2% to 89.5%, with idle time dropping from 32.8% to 10.5%. These gains were achieved without automation or additional labor, relying solely on empirical task analysis and workflow redesign. The study offers a replicable, low-cost framework for optimizing semi-manual assembly lines in regulatory environments. It demonstrates that substantial performance improvements can be achieved through structured, data-driven interventions, making it particularly valuable for SMEs in emerging markets seeking ISO 13485 compliance and operational excellence.
Applying System Dynamics to Evaluate Lean Manufacturing Interventions in a Traditional Bakery: A Case-based Conceptual Approach Fredy Sumasto; Najla Aulia; Arif Setiadi; Fahriza Putra Zaman; Muhammad Raihan Adil; Febriza Imansuri; Indra Rizki Pratama; Dianasanti Salati; B. Handoko Purwojatmiko
International Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/ijieem.v8i1.11805

Abstract

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the traditional food sector often face operational inefficiencies caused by disorganized workspaces, inefficient layouts, and limited adoption of structured improvement practices. These challenges are particularly evident in small bakeries where manual production processes and spatial constraints disrupt workflow continuity. This study aims to analyze the relationships between operational inefficiencies and Lean Manufacturing interventions using a System Dynamics approach. A qualitative case study was conducted at Toko Roti Gelora, a traditional bakery in Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected through direct observation, informal interviews, and document analysis over a ten-week field study. Lean diagnostic tools, including Value Stream Mapping and Fishbone Diagram analysis, were employed to identify sources of operational waste. The findings were synthesized into a Causal Loop Diagram (CLD) to represent feedback structures influencing production efficiency. The results identify four key feedback loops shaping the bakery’s operations: two reinforcing loops representing the escalation of inefficiencies and the development of Lean culture, and two balancing loops representing system stabilization through 5S implementation and layout improvements. These interactions suggest how Lean interventions may contribute to reducing search time, motion waste, waiting time, and excess inventory while supporting the development of workplace discipline over time. The study contributes by integrating Lean Manufacturing and System Dynamics to propose a systemic framework for analyzing operational efficiency in SME production systems.