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Nasrudin Andi Mappaware
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, RSP Ibnu Sina YW-UMI
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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The Effect of Ketamine on Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NRL) Levels after Gynecological Laparotomy Surgery Muhammad Wirawan harahap; Nasrudin Andi Mappaware; Farah Ekawati Mulyadi
UMI Medical Journal Vol 11 No 1 (2026): UMI Medical Journal
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/mr73gk25

Abstract

Background: Post-surgical pain is a critical issue faced by post-surgical patients. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is an index indicating the direction of inflammation. Ketamine is a general anesthetic widely used in surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation. Intravenous ketamine can reduce inflammation through inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. This demonstrates kematine’s anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: To determine the effect of ketamine on neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) levels after gynecological laparotomy. Methods: This experimental study, a clinical trial, used a pre-post-test control design, in which variables were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and independent t-tests. Results: The comparison of NLR levels between the control and intervention groups after pynecological laparotomy revealed a significant difference, with a higher increase in the control group compared to the intervention group receiving ketamine (p<0.05). Conclusion: Ketamine can reduce postoperative NLR elevations, thereby reducing  inflammation.
Co-Authors Farah Ekawati Mulyadi Muhammad Wirawan harahap