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All Journal RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik
Hery Irwan
Department of Industrial Engineering, Universitas Riau Kepulauan, Batam, Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Ergonomic Risk and Work Productivity among Manual Material Handling Workers at PT BIELOGA: A REBA-Based Analysis Trisnanda Anugrah; Hery Irwan
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, July 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i3.685

Abstract

Manual material handling activities are commonly associated with awkward working postures, repetitive movements, and excessive physical load, which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and reduce work productivity. This study aims to assess ergonomic risk levels and analyze their relationship with work productivity among manual material handling workers at PT BIELOGA using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. This research employed a descriptive quantitative approach. Data were collected through direct observation of workers’ postures during manual handling activities, REBA assessment, Nordic Body Map responses, and productivity measurement based on output and task completion efficiency. The findings showed that the observed manual handling activities were classified into moderate to high ergonomic risk categories, with REBA scores ranging from 5 to 9. The highest ergonomic risks were found in material loading activities and material transfer to racks, which involved trunk flexion, reaching posture, repetitive movement, and external load exposure. The analysis indicated a strong negative relationship between REBA scores and work productivity, suggesting that higher ergonomic risk tends to be followed by lower productivity performance. These findings indicate that ergonomic risk is not only related to occupational health concerns but also to operational performance. Therefore, ergonomic interventions such as workstation redesign, adjustment of material placement height, improvement of manual handling procedures, task rotation, and the use of assistive devices are recommended to reduce ergonomic risk and support productivity improvement.
Analysis of Porosity and Undercut Defects in Structural Steel Grade S355JR Fabrication Sadrak Jhoshua Nababan; Hery Irwan
RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): RESWARA: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Teknik, July 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pendidikan (LPP) Kalibra

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70716/reswara.v4i3.532

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the dominant causes of porosity and undercut defects and evaluate the effectiveness of welding defect control measures applied during the fabrication of S355JR Structural Steel in an E-house project at PT.X Batam. A descriptive qualitative approach supported by quantitative data was employed through field observations, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and Pareto and fishbone analyses. The results indicated that welding defects were predominantly caused by welding method (10 joints; 34.5%), followed by environmental factors (7 joints; 24.1%), machine conditions (5 joints; 17.2%), material conditions (4 joints; 13.8%), and welder skill (3 joints; 10.3%). The findings showed that improper welding parameters, unstable shielding gas due to wind exposure, inadequate equipment condition, contaminated material surfaces, and inconsistent implementation of the Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) were the principal contributors to defect occurrence. Corrective measures, including material surface cleaning, dry electrode usage, rod oven storage, welding parameter control, and welding habitat protection, effectively reduced the occurrence of porosity and undercut defects. The novelty of this study lies in the integrated evaluation of technical and operational factors affecting welding quality under actual EPC fabrication conditions. The findings provide practical guidance for improving welding quality control and reducing production losses in structural steel fabrication.
Co-Authors Sadrak Jhoshua Nababan Trisnanda Anugrah