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All Journal Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial
Diani Sadiawati
Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
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Analisis Yuridis terhadap Keabsahan Klausul Arbitrase dalam Kontrak BUMN Indonesia Berdasarkan Batas Kewenangan Negara dan Prinsip Imunitas Negara : Penelitian Bernard Sindak Pangihutan Lumban Siantar; Ivan Nurchalik; Exal Sinaga; Hammamtio; Diani Sadiawati
Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Volume 4 Nomor 1 February - May 2
Publisher : PT PUSTAKA CENDEKIA GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70292/pchukumsosial.v4i1.354

Abstract

The fundamental restructuring of Indonesian State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in 2025–2026 through the BPI Danantara super-holding has generated acute doctrinal tension between private commercial autonomy and public sovereign immunity claims. Employing a doctrinal legal research methodology with statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, this study analyzes the juridical validity of arbitration clauses following the Constitutional Court Decision No. 100/PUU-XXII/2024 and formulates transnational legal protections for third parties. The findings indicate that while arbitration clauses remain valid under the acta jure gestionis doctrine, the newly adopted pure territoriality principle subjects arbitral awards to domestic public policy oversight. Consequently, these clauses are highly vulnerable to nullification (void ab initio) if contaminated by détournement de pouvoir. Furthermore, the enforcement phase frequently reaches an impasse due to the weaponization of Article 50 of the State Treasury Law as a tactical sovereign shield. To resolve this deadlock, this study recommends a preventive framework by explicitly incorporating digital and financial asset immunity waivers in preliminary contracts. Repressively, disputes must be elevated to transnational investment forums (ICSID) by invoking the Alter Ego doctrine to pierce the state's corporate veil and strictly enforce State Responsibility.
Kedudukan Hukum Hubungan Kemitraan pada Platform Transportasi Digital Perusahaan Transnational Corporation dalam Perspektif Hukum Perdata Internasional: Penelitian Exal Sinaga; Ivan Nurchalik; Bernard Sindak Pangihutan Lumban Siantar; Hammamtio; Diani Sadiawati
Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Pustaka Cendekia Hukum dan Ilmu Sosial Volume 4 Nomor 1 February - May 2
Publisher : PT PUSTAKA CENDEKIA GROUP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70292/pchukumsosial.v4i1.355

Abstract

The transnational expansion of the gig economy has triggered a doctrinal conflict of characterization between private commercial contracts and the imperative of worker protection. Transnational Corporations (TNCs) systematically exploit foreign choice-of-law clauses to circumvent domestic labor jurisdictions. This doctrinal legal research employs statutory and conceptual approaches to deconstruct the contractual relationship between TNCs and gig drivers within the framework of Private International Law (PIL). The findings demonstrate that characterizing this relationship as a pure commercial partnership is legally defective due to the operational reality of algorithmic subordination. Grounded in the principle of Favor Laboratoris and aligning with global standards (ILO Convention No. 193 and the EU Platform Work Directive), this arrangement must be recharacterized as an employment relationship. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that Presidential Regulation No. 27 of 2026 doctrinally functions as overriding mandatory rules (Lois de Police). Amidst TNCs' tactics of algorithmic fee manipulation, this regulation grants national courts the absolute jurisdiction to nullify foreign arbitration provisions and cross-border choice-of-law clauses. In conclusion, the sovereignty of Indonesia’s socio-economic public policy must prioritize the primacy of facts to dismantle transnational algorithmic exploitation, thereby safeguarding the fundamental rights and legal certainty of gig workers.
Kesenjangan Pengaturan Perlindungan Konsumen dalam Transaksi Aset Kripto melalui Platform Tidak Terdaftar di Indonesia Ulva Kartika Dewi; Diani Sadiawati
Ranah Research : Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): Ranah Research : Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research and Development
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/rrj.v8i5.2231

Abstract

The development of the digital economy has driven the increasing use of crypto assets as an investment instrument in Indonesia, yet this has been accompanied by a surge in transactions through unregistered platforms or exchangers, giving rise to consumer protection issues. The digital, decentralized, and cross-border (borderless) nature of such transactions makes legal oversight difficult. This study analyzes consumer protection, business actor liability, and dispute resolution mechanisms in crypto asset transactions conducted through unregistered platforms, using a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches based on library research. The findings indicate that existing regulations have not fully accommodated the characteristics of such transactions; data from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as of June 2026 recorded that only around 29% (IDR 196.93 billion) of the IDR 674.1 billion in secured victim funds from digital fraud had been returned, reflecting weaknesses in the loss-recovery mechanism. Business actors are obligated to provide compensation when losses arise from errors or negligence in their systems, while disputes may be resolved through internal complaints, OJK, the Financial Services Sector Alternative Dispute Resolution Institution (LAPS SJK), the Consumer Dispute Resolution Body (BPSK), and litigation as a last resort. Strengthening and harmonizing regulations, along with enhanced supervision, are needed to achieve legal certainty and effective consumer protection in crypto asset transactions in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Bernard Sindak Pangihutan Lumban Siantar Exal Sinaga Hammamtio Ivan Nurchalik Ulva Kartika Dewi