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All Journal FIAT JUSTISIA: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Cepalo
Salmawati Salmawati
Universitas Muslim Indonesia
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

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Integrating Local Wisdom and Waqf Regulation: Toward an Inclusive Governance Model of Indigenous Land-Waqf in Indonesia and India Salmawati Salmawati; Muh. Zulkifli Muhdar; Uzodinma Yurriens Ezenduka
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v20no1.4842

Abstract

The integration of local wisdom and waqf practices is a critical issue in the legal and social development of multicultural countries such as Indonesia and India, where Islamic law, state law, and customary law often overlap, creating legal uncertainty, particularly for communal waqf land. Using a normative legal method with statutory and comparative approaches, this study finds that both countries practice legal pluralism: Indonesia excels in formal mechanisms through land certification and communal nadzir, while India demonstrates institutional robustness via the State Waqf Board. Building on these insights, the study proposes a dual-legitimacy governance model that integrates Islamic law, state regulations, and customary norms, emphasizing inclusive governance, customary-based mediation, and distributive justice to ensure both the sustainability of waqf assets and the welfare of indigenous communities.
RECOGNITION OF INDIGENOUS LAND RIGHTS WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIAL GOVERNANCE (ESG) FRAMEWORK: A LEGAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA AND THAILAND Muh. Zulkifli Muhdar; Sri Amlinawaty A. Muin; Salmawati Salmawati; Ruetaitip Tungkasamitra Chansrakaeo
Cepalo Vol 10 No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/cepalo.v10no1.4841

Abstract

This study offers a comparative analysis of the recognition and protection of indigenous land and natural resource rights within the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) framework in Indonesia and Thailand. Using a normative legal method with statutory and comparative approaches, it examines how national legal and institutional systems integrate indigenous rights and how ESG functions as a mechanism for mitigating agrarian and environmental conflicts. The findings show that Indonesia has a stronger legal basis for recognizing indigenous rights through the 1945 Constitution and Constitutional Court Decision No. 35/PUU-X/2012, but faces inconsistent implementation of the Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) principle, while Thailand demonstrates more advanced ESG reporting and transparency yet lacks explicit legal protection for indigenous communities. This study positions ESG as a system of social risk governance and underscores the need for stronger synergy among national law, financial institutions, and indigenous participation to achieve inclusive and equitable ESG implementation in Southeast Asia.
Co-Authors Muh. Zulkifli Muhdar Ruetaitip Tungkasamitra Chansrakaeo Sri Amlinawaty A. Muin Uzodinma Yurriens Ezenduka