<![CDATA[The rapid development of smart-contract-based blockchain ecosystems has transformed the perception of digital assets. However, the extent to which these assets are influenced by macroeconomic conditions in emerging markets remains poorly understood. This study aims to examine the long-term and short-term relationships between three major smart-contract platforms: Ethereum (ETH), Build and Build (BNB) Chain, and Solana (SOL), and several Indonesian macroeconomic indicators: money supply (M2), consumer price index (CPI), the rupiah-to-US dollar exchange rate (IDR/USD), and the policy interest rate (BI Rate). The study draws on monthly data spanning April 2023 to September 2025. The findings reveal that each platform exhibits a distinct degree of sensitivity to Indonesian macroeconomic conditions. Overall, the three platforms demonstrate a strong long-run relationship with the selected macroeconomic variables. The rising money supply (M2) tends to have a positive effect on all three platforms, while the influence of the exchange rate varies across ecosystems. Furthermore, this study traces how shocks in macroeconomic variables are transmitted to cryptocurrency prices and identifies distinct volatility patterns across the three platforms. Its findings contribute to understanding the relationship between crypto assets and macroeconomic conditions. It also offers practical insights for portfolio diversification strategies and for developing regulatory frameworks in Indonesia's growing digital asset market.]]>
