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All Journal GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan
Era Widia Br Sinaga
Universitas Negeri Medan
Humanities Education Environmental Science Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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PENGARUH DEPENDENCY RATIO, GINI RATIO, DAN TINGKAT PARTISIPASI ANGKATAN KERJA TERHADAP KEMISKINAN DI SUMATERA UTARA TAHUN 2001-2024 Era Widia Br Sinaga; Muhammad Yusuf
GOVERNANCE: Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Politik Lokal dan Pembangunan Vol. 13 No. 6 (2026): 2026 Juni
Publisher : Lembaga Kajian Ilmu Sosial dan Politik (LKISPOL)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56015/gjikplp.v13i6.943

Abstract

Poverty is a multidimensional problem that remains a major challenge for North Sumatra despite relatively strong economic growth. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Dependency Ratio, Gini Ratio, and Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) on poverty in North Sumatra Province during the period 2001–2024. Using a quantitative approach with time-series data and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation method, the results show that the Dependency Ratio has a positive and significant effect on poverty, meaning that each one percent increase in the dependency ratio raises the number of poor people by 31.74 thousand. The Gini Ratio has a negative and significant effect, explained by the Kuznets Hypothesis and the Selective Poverty Exit mechanism. LFPR has a negative and significant effect, with each one percent increase reducing poverty by 16.39 thousand people. Simultaneously, the three variables explain 82.84 percent of the variation in poverty (Adjusted R² = 0.8284), confirming that poverty in North Sumatra is a multidimensional structural phenomenon. Policy implications emphasize the urgency of optimizing the demographic dividend, ensuring inclusive economic growth, and improving the quality of employment.
Co-Authors Muhammad Yusuf