Ali Masyhar
Semarang State University

Published : 3 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 3 Documents
Search

A Legal Analysis of the Limitations on the Application of Restorative Justice in the Resolution of Sexual Violence Crimes Racha Gusty Recoba Satya Nugraha; Ali Masyhar; Cahya Wulandari
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : April: Didakta: International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Educa
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/8m8rh130

Abstract

This study examines the juridical limitations governing the application of restorative justice in the resolution of sexual violence crimes within the Indonesian criminal justice system. The research employed a nonempirical normative legal method with descriptive analytical orientation through statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Primary legal materials consisted of Indonesian criminal legislation, restorative justice regulations, and judicial decisions, while secondary materials were derived from scholarly doctrines and peer reviewed legal studies concerning victim protection and restorative justice theory. The findings indicate that significant normative inconsistencies persist between restorative justice policies and statutory provisions emphasizing victim protection, legal certainty, and public accountability in sexual violence cases. The absence of explicit legal boundaries regarding the admissibility of restorative mechanisms has generated interpretative disparities among law enforcement institutions and increased the risk of coercive settlement practices influenced by unequal power relations and social pressure. The study further demonstrates the necessity of reconstructing criminal law policy through harmonized regulations, offense classification standards, verified victim consent mechanisms, and institutional supervision to ensure that restorative justice remains compatible with the protection of victims and the objectives of modern criminal law reform in Indonesia.  
The Evolution of Criminal Punishment Theory: From Retributive Theory to a Restorative Approach in The Indonesian Criminal Justice System Mardana Rifta Oktaviana; Ali Masyhar; Cahya Wulandari
International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Education Vol. 1 No. 2 (2026): : April: Didakta: International Journal of Social Sciences, Language, and Educa
Publisher : CV SCRIPTA INTELEKTUAL MANDIRI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65310/3tqhpm38

Abstract

This study examines the evolution of criminal punishment theory from a retributive orientation toward a restorative approach within the Indonesian criminal justice system and analyzes its implications for contemporary criminal justice reform. The research employed a normative legal method using conceptual and statutory approaches. Primary legal materials consisted of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code, Attorney General Regulation Number 15 of 2020, and Supreme Court Regulation Number 1 of 2024, while secondary materials included scholarly literature on punishment theory and restorative justice. The findings indicate that the development of punishment theory has contributed to a fundamental transformation in the objectives of criminal law, shifting emphasis from retaliation toward recovery, accountability, and social reconciliation. This transformation has encouraged the institutionalization of restorative justice across various stages of criminal justice administration and strengthened the pursuit of substantive justice. However, effective implementation remains challenged by regulatory fragmentation, limited institutional capacity, persistent punitive legal culture, unequal bargaining positions, and potential abuse of discretion. The study concludes that restorative justice possesses significant potential to become a dominant paradigm within the Indonesian criminal justice system, provided that future reforms focus on institutional coherence, victim protection, professional capacity development, and comprehensive monitoring mechanisms.
Tradisi Carok dalam Perspektif Kriminologi Kultural Masyarakat Adat Madura Avilla Deva Aryanda; Ali Masyhar
JURNAL USM LAW REVIEW Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/julr.v9i1.13442

Abstract

This study aims to explain how the practice of carok in Madurese indigenous communities is constructed as a culturally based crime, and why social legitimacy for violence persists despite its conflict with national criminal law and human rights principles. The research uses a normative juridical approach with qualitative descriptive methods through a literature study of cultural criminology theory, legislation, and literature on Madurese customary law and culture. The results show that from a cultural criminology perspective, carok is a subculture of violence legitimized by the concepts of honor (malo) and social dignity, so that customary norms function as a framework for social justification of violent acts and reveal a conceptual tension between state law and the construction of local cultural meaning. These findings confirm that criminality cannot be understood solely as a formal legal violation, but rather as a product of the interaction of cultural symbols, collective identity, and social structures. The novelty of this research lies in the formulation of carok as a cultural criminal construction within the framework of cultural criminology, which specifically links the legitimacy of honor, violent subcultures, and normative conflicts between customary and state law as a conceptual basis for the development of criminological analysis and conflict resolution policies that are more contextual and equitable.    Penelitian ini bertujuan secara problem-oriented untuk menjelaskan bagaimana praktik carok dalam masyarakat adat Madura dikonstruksi sebagai fenomena kejahatan berbasis budaya, serta mengapa legitimasi sosial terhadap kekerasan tetap bertahan meskipun bertentangan dengan hukum pidana nasional dan prinsip hak asasi manusia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan terhadap teori kriminologi budaya, peraturan perundang-undangan, serta literatur mengenai hukum adat dan budaya Madura. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam perspektif kriminologi kultural, carok merupakan subkultur kekerasan yang dilegitimasi oleh konsep kehormatan (malo) dan martabat sosial, sehingga norma adat berfungsi sebagai kerangka pembenaran sosial terhadap tindakan kekerasan dan memperlihatkan ketegangan konseptual antara hukum negara dan konstruksi makna budaya lokal. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa kriminalitas tidak dapat dipahami semata sebagai pelanggaran legal formal, melainkan sebagai produk interaksi simbol budaya, identitas kolektif, dan struktur sosial. Kebaruan penelitian terletak pada perumusan carok sebagai konstruksi kriminal kultural dalam kerangka kriminologi budaya yang secara spesifik menghubungkan legitimasi kehormatan, subkultur kekerasan, dan konflik normatif hukum adat–negara sebagai dasar konseptual bagi pengembangan analisis kriminologi dan kebijakan penanggulangan konflik yang lebih kontekstual dan berkeadilan.