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All Journal TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control)
Ahmadu Girgiri
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Computer Science & IT

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Substrate thickness variation on the frequency response of microstrip antenna for mm-wave application Bello Abdullahi Muhammad; Mohd Fadzil Ain; Mohd Nazri Mahmud; Mohd Zamir Pakhuruddin; Ahmadu Girgiri; Mohamad Faiz Mohamed Omar
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 23, No 5: October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v23i5.26731

Abstract

Substrate height (Hs) is an important parameter that influences antenna propagation. This research designed a low-profile 28 GHz microstrip antenna on a polyimide substrate with varying Hs using CST Studio software. The simulated results and MINITAB software were used to develop regression model equations, which analyzed the impact of Hs variation on the antenna performance. The proposed models’ equations have indicated an increase in average responses of resonant frequency (Fr), percentage bandwidth (% BW), gain (G), return loss (RL), and efficiency (ƞ) as the Hs decreased. The antenna achieved a BW of 3.87 GHz at Hs 0.525 mm and 5.54 GHz at 0.025 mm, a G of 3.89 dBi at Hs 0.525 mm and 3.91 dBi at Hs 0.025 mm, and an ƞ of 94.19% at Hs 0.525 mm and 98.24% at Hs 0.025 mm. The antenna was fabricated and tested, and the experimental results were validated with the models’ equations. The thinner substrate resulted in an improvement in the antenna performance.
Modeling and optimization of artificial magnetic conductor on the performance of on-chip-antenna for 28 GHz devices Ahmadu Girgiri; Mohd Fadzil Ain; Mohd Zamir Pakhuruddin; Mohamad Faiz Mohamed Omar; Bello Muhammad Abdullahi
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 22, No 6: December 2024
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v22i6.26443

Abstract

The growing popularity of chip-based devices has spurred interest in developing on-chip antennas (OCAs). However, low gain and poor radiation characteristics have been significant challenges. Integrating an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) into the oxide layer is an alternative. This article presents a new AMC model that improves the performance of 28 GHz OCA using dual-rectangular-patch (DRP) as unit cells. The DRP parameters, patch width (Pw), patch gap (Pg), and substrate height (hs) were used to control the AMC characteristic. Two numerical equations for gain (G) and efficiency (η) have been developed to evaluate the new model’s performance. The impact of parameters on the antenna’s gain and radiation efficiency was equally analyzed. A prototype antenna was fabricated and tested to validate the model. It demonstrated a peak gain of 3.69 dB and radiation efficiency of 67.18%, with an achieved impedance bandwidth of 1.27 GHz, making it well-suited for 28 GHz device applications. Furthermore, the equations formulated provide the research community with a straightforward method to calculate the gain and efficiency of a 28 GHz antenna. This method is not limited to on-chip antennas but can also be applied to off-chip antennas if DRP-AMC is implemented.
Co-Authors Bello Abdullahi Muhammad Bello Muhammad Abdullahi Mohamad Faiz Mohamed Omar Mohd Fadzil Ain Mohd Nazri Mahmud Mohd Zamir Pakhuruddin